Izinhlobo ze-admixtures ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni udaka oluhlanganisiwe olomile, izici zokusebenza kwazo, indlela yokwenza, kanye nethonya lazo ekusebenzeni kwemikhiqizo yodaka eyomile. Umphumela Wokuthuthuka Kwama-Agents agcina amanzi afana ne-cellulose ether kanye nesitashi ether, i-latex evuselelayo ye-latex kanye nezinto zokwakha i-fiber ekusebenzeni ngodaka komoya oxutshwe.
Ama-admixtures adlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kodaka oluxutshwe olomile, kepha ukwengeza kodaka okuxubile kwenza izindleko zezinto ezisetshenziswayo zemikhiqizo yodaka eyomile ephakeme kakhulu kunaleyo ngodaka lwendabuko, olubikela ngaphezulu kwama-40% izindleko ezibonakalayo ngodaka oluxutshwe nodaka. Njengamanje, ingxenye enkulu yokuhlanganiswa ihlinzekwa ngabakhiqizi bakwamanye amazwe, kanye nemithamo yezethenjwa yomkhiqizo nayo ihlinzekwa ngumhlinzeki. Ngenxa yalokhu, izindleko zemikhiqizo yodaka eyomile ehlanganisiwe ihlala iphakeme, futhi kunzima ukuwadumisa ama-masonry ajwayelekile kanye nokufaka udaka ngodaka oluningi nezindawo eziningi eziningi; Imikhiqizo yemakethe ephelele ilawulwa yizinkampani zakwamanye amazwe, futhi abakhiqizi bomuntu obomile abaxubekile banenzuzo ephansi kanye nokubekezelelana kwentengo okungekuhle; Kukhona ukuntuleka kocwaningo ohlelekile noluhlosiwe ekusetshenzisweni kwemithi, kanti amafomula angaphandle alandelwa ngokungaboni.
Based on the above reasons, this paper analyzes and compares some basic properties of commonly used admixtures, and on this basis, studies the performance of dry-mixed mortar products using admixtures.
1 i-ejenti yokugcina amanzi
Umenzeli wokugcina amanzi ungumphikisi obalulekile wokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka oluhlanganisiwe, futhi lungenye ye-admixtures ebalulekile ukuthola izindleko zezinto zodaka ezixubile.
1. I-Hydroxypropyllythyl cellulose ether (HPMC)
I-Hydroxypropyllykyl methylcellulose iyigama elijwayelekile lochungechunge lwemikhiqizo eyakhiwa ukusabela kwe-Alkali Cellulose kanye ne-ejenti ethembisa ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. I-Alkali Cellulose ithathelwa indawo ama-ejenti ahlukile aphelelisayo ukuthola izitha ze-cellulose ezihlukile. Ngokusho kwezakhiwo ze-Ionization zokufakaza kwabanye, ama-cellulose asher angahlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili: ionic (njenge-carboxymethyl cellulose) ne-nonic (njenge-methyl cellulose (efana ne-methyl cellulose). Ngokusho kohlobo lwe-substituent, i-cellulose ether ingahlukaniswa i-monoJe (njenge-methyl cellulose) futhi i-ether exubile (efana ne-hydroxypropylylyl methyl celtule). Ngokuya nge-solubity ehlukene, ingahlukaniswa inyumbazane yamanzi (efana ne-hydroxyethyl cellulose) kanye ne-organic solvent-soluble-soluble (njenge-ethyl cellulose), njll. ihlukaniswe ngohlobo olusheshayo futhi ingaphezulu liphathwe uhlobo lokuchitheka olubambezelekile.
Indlela yokwenza kwesenzo se-cellulose ether ngodaka kungokulandelayo:
. Kepha izinga lokushisa layo le-gelation emanzini ashisayo liphakeme kakhulu kunalelo ye-methyl cellulose. I-solubity emanzini abandayo nayo yathuthukiswa kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa ne-methyl cellulose.
. Ukushisa futhi kuthinta ukubonakala kwayo, njengoba izinga lokushisa liyanda, ukuhlakanipha kuyancipha. Kodwa-ke, i-viscosity yayo ephezulu inomphumela ophansi wokushisa kune-methyl cellulose. Isixazululo saso sizinzile lapho zigcinwa emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni.
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. Amanzi e-caustic kanye nama-lime anomthelela omncane ekusebenzeni kwawo, kepha u-Alkali angasheshisa ukuchitheka kwawo futhi akhuphule ukubonakala kwawo. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is stable to common salts, but when the concentration of salt solution is high, the viscosity of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose solution tends to increase.
. Njengotshwala be-polyvinyl, isitashi ether, gum yemifino, njll.
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2. I-methylcellulose (MC)
Ngemuva kokuthi ukotini ocwengiwe kuphathwa nge-Alkali, ethertule Ether kukhiqizwa ngochungechunge lokuphendula nge-methane chloride njenge-ejenti yokuthezeka. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokufaka esikhundleni ngu-1.6 ~ 2.0, kanye ne-solubility futhi kwehlukile ngama-degree ahlukene wokufaka esikhundleni. Ingeye-ether engeyona eye-moulsose.
(1) I-methylcellulose incanela emanzini abandayo, futhi kuzoba nzima ukuncibilikisa emanzini ashisayo. Isixazululo sayo esinamanzi sizinzile kakhulu ebangeni le-PH = 3 ~ 12. Inokuhambisana okuhle nesitashi, isiGungu seGum, njll. Futhi ama-surfactants amaningi. Lapho izinga lokushisa lifinyelela izinga lokushisa le-gelation, kwenzeka.
. Ngokuvamile, uma inani lokungeza likhulu, ubuciko buncane, futhi i-viscoty inkulu, inani lokugcina lamanzi liphezulu. Phakathi kwazo, inani lesengezo linomthelela omkhulu kunabo bonke emazingeni okugcinwa kwamanzi, futhi izinga lokubonana alifani ngqo nezinga lamazinga okugcina amanzi. Izinga lokuchithwa ikakhulukazi lincike ezingeni lokuguqulwa komhlaba kwezinhlayiya ze-celluLose kanye nezinhlayiyane izinhlayiyana. Phakathi kwalezi zithambekela ezingenhla kwe-cellulose, i-methyl cellulose ne-hydroxyprosell methyl cellulose zinamazinga aphezulu okugcina amanzi.
(3) Izinguquko zokushisa zizothinta kakhulu isilinganiso sokugcinwa kwamanzi se-methyl cellulose. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, elibi kakhulu nokugcinwa kwamanzi. Uma izinga lokushisa lodaka lidlula ama-40 ° C, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-methyl cellulose kuzoncishiswa kakhulu, kuthinte kabi ukwakhiwa kodaka.
(4) I-methyl cellulose inomthelela omkhulu ekwakhiweni nasekunamathiselwe kodaka. I- "Adhesion" Lapha lapha ibhekisela kumandla anamathele azwakala phakathi kwethuluzi lomfakisicelo wesisebenzi kanye nodonga substrate, okungukuthi, ukumelana nokuncipha kodaka kodaka. Ukunamathelayo kuphakeme, ukumelana nokukhula kodaka kukhulu, futhi amandla afunwa yizisebenzi ezisezinhlelweni zokusebenzisa nawo akhulu, futhi ukusebenza kodaka kumpofu. I-Methyl celtulese anhesion isezingeni eliphakathi ku-Cellulose Ether Products.
3. I-HydroxyEthylcellulose (HEC)
Kwenziwa ngokotoni ocwengekile ophathwe nge-alkali, futhi wasabela nge-ethylene oxide njenge-ejenti ye-ejenti phambi kwe-acetone. Izinga lokufaka esikhundleni ngokuvamile kungu-1.5 ~ 2.0. Ine-hydrophilicity eqinile futhi kulula ukumunca umswakama.
(1) I-HydroxYethyl celtulose iyancibilika emanzini abandayo, kepha kunzima ukuncibilikisa emanzini ashisayo. Isixazululo saso sizinzile ngokushisa okuphezulu ngaphandle kokugoba. Ingasetjenziswa isikhathi eside ngaphansi kokushisa okuphezulu ngodaka, kepha ukugcinwa kwalo kwamanzi kuphansi kunalokho kwe-methyl cellulose.
. I-Alkali ingasheshisa ukuchithwa kwayo futhi yandise kancane ukubonakala kwayo. Ukungafani kwalo emanzini kubi kakhulu kunalokho kwe-methyl cellulose ne-hydroxypropylyly methyl cellulose. .
(3) I-HydroxYethyl cellulose inokusebenza okuhle kwe-anti-sag ngodaka, kepha inesikhathi eside sokubuyisa usimende.
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Isitashi i-ether
AbakwaStarch Abathatheke basetshenziswa ezitsheni baguqulwa kusuka kuma-polymers wemvelo athile ama-polysaccharides. Njengamazambane, ummbila, umdumbula, ubhontshisi waseGuar nokunye.
1. I-Starch eguquliwe
I-Starch Ether iguqulwe kusuka kumazambane, ummbila, uCassava, njll. Imvule kakhulu ukugcinwa kwamanzi kune-cellulose ether. Ngenxa yezinga elihlukile lokuguqulwa, ukuqina kwe-acid ne-alkali kwehlukile. Eminye imikhiqizo ilungele ukusetshenziswa ku-Gypsum esekwe ku-Gypsum, kanti abanye bangasetshenziswa odongeni olususelwa kusawoti. Ukusetshenziswa kwesitashi ether ngodaka kusetshenziswa kakhulu njengomuntu omkhulu ukuthuthukisa impahla elwa nokusabalalisa kodaka, wehlise ukunamathela kodaka olumanzi, futhi kwandise isikhathi sokuvula.
Izithambisi zesitashi zivame ukusetshenziswa kanye ne-cellulose, ukuze izakhiwo nezinzuzo zalezi zinto ezimbili ziphelezela. Njengoba imikhiqizo yesitashi ether ishibhile kakhulu kune-cellulose ether, ukusetshenziswa kwe-starch ether ngodaka kuzoletha ukwehliswa okukhulu kwezindleko zokwakhiwa kodaka.
2. IGuar gum ether
IsiGu Gum Gum ether uhlobo lwe-starch ether ngezakhiwo ezikhethekile, eziguqulwa kusuka kubhontshisi wezemvelo we-guar. Kakhulu ngokusabela kokusheshisa kwe-Guar Gum ne-Acrylic Functional Group, isakhiwo esiqukethe iqembu elisebenzayo le-2-hydroxypropyl, okuyinto isakhiwo se-polygacromose.
(1) Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-cellulose ether, iGuar Gum ether ibilika kakhulu emanzini. Izakhiwo ze-PH Guar Lethers empeleni azisebenzi.
. Kepha ukuvumelana, anti-sag, Thixotropy nokunye okusobala kuthuthukiswa.
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. Ingenamphumela omubi ngesikhathi sokusetha namandla e-gypsum ngodaka.
I-3
Umkhulu wokugcina amanzi owenziwe ngamaminerali wemvelo ngokuguqulwa kanye nokuhlanganiswa kusetshenzisiwe eChina. Amaminerali amakhulu asetshenziselwa ukulungiselela izikhukhula zokugcina amanzi kukhona Lolu hlobo lokuqina lwamanzi okusetshenziselwa udaka lunezici ezilandelayo.
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(2) Imikhiqizo yodaka enamazinga ahlukene wamandla wezakhiwo ezijwayelekile zezimboni nezemiphakathi zingakhiwa.
(3) Izindleko ezibonakalayo ziphansi kakhulu kunalezo ze-cellulose ether kanye ne-starch ether.
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Redisperserble polymer ruble powder
I-RegisperPlerible Rubber Powder iyacutshungulwa ngomiswa wokufafaza we-emulser ekhethekile ye-polymer. Enqubweni yokucutshungulwa, okuvikelayo kwe-colloid, i-ejenti yokulwa nokwakheka, njll. Yiba izithasiselo ezisemqoka. I-rubber yomisiwe yerabha ezinye izinhlayiya eziyindilinga ezingama-80 ~ 100mm ahlangana ndawonye. Lezi zinhlayiya zincibilika emanzini bese zakha ukuhanjiswa okuzinzile kube kukhulu kakhulu kunezinhlayiya ze-emulsion zangempela. Lokhu kuhlakazeka kuzokwakha ifilimu ngemuva komoya wokuphelelwa ngamandla nokomiswa. Le filimu ayinakuphikwa njengokwakheka kwefilimu okujwayelekile, futhi ngeke ibuye kabusha lapho ihlangana namanzi. I-dispersions.
I-RecisperperPressible Drubber Powder ingahlukaniswa: I-Styrene-Buthadiene Copolymer, i-Carlobate Acid Ethylene Copolymer, njll., Futhi ngokusekelwe kulokhu, i-silicone, i-vinyl yala, njll. Kuxhunyelelwa ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza. Izinyathelo ezihlukile zokuguqulwa zenza i-redisperperible rubber powder inezakhiwo ezihlukile njengokumelana kwamanzi, ukumelana kwe-alkali, ukumelana nesimo sezulu nokuvumelana nezimo. Kuqukethe i-Vinyl Laurate ne-Silicone, engenza i-powder yerabha ibe ne-hydrophopobicity enhle. I-Vinyl ephakeme ye-vinyl ephakeme ye-carbonate enenani eliphansi le-TG nokuguquguquka okuhle.
Lapho lezi zinhlobo zama-powders enjoloba zisetshenziswa ku-data, zonke zinomphumela omuhle kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusetha usimende, kepha umphumela wokubambezeleka mncane kunalokho okukusebenzisa okuqondile kwama-emulsions afanayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa, i-styrere-butadieene inomphumela omkhulu wokubuyisa ngobukhulu, futhi i-ethylene-vinyl acetate inomphumela omncane wokugcina kabusha. Uma umthamo mncane kakhulu, umphumela wokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kodaka akubonakali.
Isikhathi se-Pop: APR-03-2023