Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-cellulose ether

Ngokuhlaziywa kanye nesifinyezo semiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-cellulose ether ezahlukweni ezintathu, iziphetho eziyinhloko zimi kanje:

5.1 Isiphetho

1. Cellulose ether isizinda ezintweni zokusetshenziswa zezitshalo

(1) Izingxenye zezinto ezinhlanu zokusetshenziswa kwezitshalo (umswakama, umlotha, ikhwalithi yokhuni, i-cellulose ne-hemicellulose) zalinganiswa, kwakhethwa izinto ezintathu ezimele izitshalo, i-pine sawdust notshani bukakolo.

kanye ne-bagasse yokukhipha i-cellulose, futhi inqubo yokukhipha i-cellulose yenziwe kahle. Ngaphansi kwezimo zenqubo elungiselelwe, i

Ukuhlanzeka okuhlobene kwe-lignocellulose, i-cellulose ye-wheat straw kanye ne-bagasse cellulose konke kwakungaphezu kuka-90%, futhi isivuno sazo sasingaphezu kwama-40%.

(2) Kusukela ekuhlaziyweni kwe-spectrum ye-infrared, kungabonakala ukuthi ngemva kokwelashwa, imikhiqizo ye-cellulose ekhishwe kutshani kakolweni, i-bagasse kanye ne-pine sawdust.

Ku-1510 cm-1 (ukudlidliza kwamathambo eringi ye-benzene) futhi eduze kuka-1730 cm-1 (ukumuncwa kokudlidliza okwelula kwe-carbonyl C=O engahlanganisiwe)

Kwakungekho iziqongo, okubonisa ukuthi i-lignin ne-hemicellulose emkhiqizweni okhishiwe isusiwe ngokuyisisekelo, futhi i-cellulose etholakele yayinokuhlanzeka okuphezulu. ngokunsomi

Kungabonakala ku-spectrum yangaphandle yokumuncwa ukuthi okuqukethwe okuhlobene kwe-lignin kuncipha ngokuqhubekayo ngemva kwesinyathelo ngasinye sokwelashwa, futhi ukumuncwa kwe-UV kweselulosi etholiwe kuncipha.

Ijika le-spectral elitholiwe laliseduze nejika le-ultraviolet lokumunca elingenalutho le-potassium permanganate, okubonisa ukuthi i-cellulose etholakele yayimsulwa. ngo-X

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-X-ray diffraction kubonise ukuthi ubukristalu obuhlobene be-cellulose yomkhiqizo otholiwe buthuthuke kakhulu.

2. Ukulungiswa kwama-cellulose ethers

(1) Ukuhlolwa kwesici esisodwa kwasetshenziswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe inqubo egxilile ye-alkali decrystallization pretreatment ye-pine cellulose;

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Orthogonal kanye nokuhlolwa kwesici esisodwa kwenziwa ekulungiseleleni i-CMC, i-HEC ne-HECMC kusuka ku-pine wood alkali cellulose, ngokulandelana.

ukwenza kahle. Ngaphansi kwezinqubo zokulungiselela ezifanele, i-CMC ene-DS efika ku-1.237, i-HEC ene-MS efika ku-1.657 itholwe.

kanye ne-HECMC ene-DS ka-0.869. (2) Ngokokuhlaziya kwe-FTIR, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-pine wood cellulose yasekuqaleni, i-carboxymethyl yafakwa ngempumelelo ku-cellulose ether CMC.

Ku-cellulose ether HEC, iqembu le-hydroxyethyl lixhunywe ngempumelelo; ku-cellulose ether HECMC, iqembu le-hydroxyethyl lixhunywe ngempumelelo

Amaqembu e-Carboxymethyl kanye ne-hydroxyethyl.

(3) Ingatholwa ekuhlaziyweni kwe-H-NMR ukuthi iqembu le-hydroxyethyl lingeniswa kumkhiqizo we-HEC, futhi i-HEC itholwa ngokubala okulula.

i-molar degree of substitution.

(4) Ngokokuhlaziywa kwe-XRD, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-pine wood cellulose yasekuqaleni, i-cellulose ethers i-CMC, i-HEC ne-HEECMC

Amafomu ekristalu wonke ashintshele kuhlobo lwe-cellulose II, futhi ukucwebezela kwehle kakhulu.

3. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose ether paste

(1) Izakhiwo eziyisisekelo zokunamathisela kwangempela: I-SA, i-CMC, i-HEC ne-HECMC zonke zingamanzi angama-pseudoplastic, futhi

I-pseudoplasticity yama-cellulose ether amathathu ingcono kune-SA, futhi uma iqhathaniswa ne-SA, inenani eliphansi le-PVI, elifaneleka kakhulu ukuphrinta amaphethini amahle.

Imbali; ukuhleleka kwezinga lokunamathisela lokunamathisela kwezine zokunamathisela yilezi: SA > CMC > HECMC > HEC; umthamo wokubamba amanzi wokunamathisela kwangempela kwe-CMC,

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Ukuhambisana kwe-urea kanye ne-anti-staining salt S kufana ne-SA, futhi ukuzinza kwe-CMC yokunamathisela kwasekuqaleni kungcono kune-SA, kodwa

Ukuhambisana kwe-HEC yokunamathisela eluhlaza kubi kakhulu kunaleyo ye-SA;

Ukuhambisana nokugcinwa kokuqina kwe-sodium bicarbonate kubi kune-SA;

I-SA iyefana, kodwa umthamo wokubamba amanzi, ukuhambisana ne-sodium bicarbonate kanye nokuzinza kokugcinwa kwe-HEECMC yokunamathisela eluhlaza kuphansi kune-SA. (2) Ukusebenza kokunamathisela kokuphrinta: I-CMC ebonakala ikhiqiza umbala nokungeneka, umuzwa wokuphrinta, ukushesha kombala wokuphrinta, njll. konke kuqhathaniswa ne-SA.

futhi izinga lokulahla i-CMC lingcono kunele-SA; izinga lokulahla kanye nomuzwa wokuphrinta we-HEC ufana ne-SA, kodwa ukubukeka kwe-HEC kungcono kunokwaseNingizimu Afrika.

Ivolumu yombala, ukungena nokushesha kombala ekuhlikihleni kungaphansi kune-SA; I-HECMC yokuphrinta ukuzwa, ukushesha kombala ekuhlikihleni kufana ne-SA;

Isilinganiso sokunamathisela singaphezulu kune-SA, kodwa isivuno esibonakalayo sombala nokuzinza kwesitoreji se-HECMC kungaphansi kune-SA.

5.2 Izincomo

Kusukela kumphumela wokusetshenziswa kwe-5.1 cellulose ether paste ingatholakala, i-cellulose ether paste ingasetshenziswa ekusebenzeni okusebenzayo.

Okunamathiselwe kokuphrinta udayi, ikakhulukazi ama-anionic cellulose ethers. Ngenxa yokwethulwa kweqembu le-hydrophilic carboxymethyl, amalungu ayisithupha

Ukuphinda kusebenze kweqembu eliyinhloko le-hydroxyl eringini, kanye nokushajwa okungekuhle ngemva kwe-ionization ngesikhathi esifanayo, kungakhuthaza ukudaywa kwamafayibha ngodayi abasebenzayo. Nokho, ngokuphelele,

Umthelela wokusetshenziswa kokunamathisela kwe-cellulose ether yokuphrinta awumuhle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezinga lokushintsha noma ukushintshwa kwe-molar ye-cellulose ether.

Ngenxa yezinga eliphansi lokushintsha, ukulungiswa kwama-cellulose ether anedigri ephezulu yokushintsha noma idigri ephezulu yokushintsha i-molar kudinga ukufundwa okwengeziwe.