Ama-cellulose ethers kanye nendlela yokukhiqiza okufanayo

Ukukhiqizwa kwei-cellulose etherskuhilela uchungechunge lokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali ku-cellulose, okuholela ekuphumeni okunezakhiwo ezihlukile. Okulandelayo ukubuka kabanzi kwezindlela ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-cellulose ethers:

1. Ukukhethwa Komthombo We-Cellulose:

• Ama-cellulose ether angatholwa emithonjeni ehlukahlukene efana ne-pulp yezinkuni, ama-linter kakotini, noma ezinye izinto ezisekelwe ezitshalweni. Ukukhethwa komthombo we-cellulose kungaba nomthelela ezicini zomkhiqizo wokugcina we-cellulose ether.

2. Ukudonsa:

• Umthombo we-cellulose uqhutshwa ukugoqa ukuze uhlukanise imicu ibe yifomu elilawulekayo. I-Pulping ingafinyelelwa ngomshini, ngamakhemikhali, noma inhlanganisela yazo zombili izindlela.

3. Ukuhlanzwa:

• I-pulped cellulose ingaphansi kwezinqubo zokuhlanza ukuze kukhishwe ukungcola, i-lignin, nezinye izakhi ezingezona i-cellulosic. Ukuhlanzwa kubalulekile ukuze uthole impahla ye-cellulose yekhwalithi ephezulu.

4. Ukusebenza kweCellulose:

• I-cellulose ehlanjululwe yenziwa isebenze ngokuyivuvuka kusisombululo se-alkaline. Lesi sinyathelo sibalulekile ekwenzeni i-cellulose isebenze kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusabela kwe-etherification okulandelayo.

5. Ukusabela kwe-Etherification:

• I-cellulose ecushiwe idlula i-etherification, lapho amaqembu e-ether ethulwa khona emaqenjini e-hydroxyl kuketango le-cellulose polymer. Ama-etherifying agents avamile ahlanganisa i-ethylene oxide, i-propylene oxide, i-sodium chloroacetate, i-methyl chloride, nabanye.
• Ukusabela ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo zezinga lokushisa, ingcindezi, ne-pH ukuze kuzuzwe izinga elifiswayo lokushintshwa (DS) nokugwema ukusabela okuseceleni.

6. Ukungathathi hlangothi kanye Nokugeza:

• Ngemuva kokusabela kwe-etherification, umkhiqizo uvamise ukuncishiswa ukuze kukhishwe ama-reagents amaningi noma imikhiqizo. Izinyathelo zokuwashwa ezilandelayo zenziwa ukuze kuqedwe amakhemikhali ayinsalela nokungcola.

7. Ukomisa:

• I-cellulose ehlanziwe ne-etherified yomiswa ukuze kutholwe umkhiqizo wokugcina we-cellulose ether uyimpushana noma ifomu le-granular.

8. Ukulawulwa Kwekhwalithi:

• Amasu okuhlaziya ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-spectroscopy ye-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), i-Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, kanye ne-chromatography, asetshenziselwa ukulawula ikhwalithi. I-DS iqashwe ngeso elibukhali ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukungaguquguquki.

9. Ukwakhiwa kanye Nesicelo:

• I-cellulose ether ibe isilungiswa ibe amabanga ahlukene ukuze ihlangabezane nezimfuneko ezithile zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene. Ama-cellulose ether ahlukene afanele izimboni ezahlukene, ezifana nezokwakha, ezemithi, ukudla, okokugqoka, nokunye.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izindlela nezimo ezithile zingase zihluke ngokusekelwe kumkhiqizo owufunayo we-cellulose ether kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe. Abakhiqizi bavame ukusebenzisa izinqubo zobunikazi ukuze bakhiqize ama-cellulose ether anezakhiwo ezithile eziklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zezimboni ezihlukahlukene.