I-CMC isebenzisa Embonini Yokumba Kawoyela Nowoyela

I-Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yokumba i-petroleum kanye ne-oyela ukuze kwenziwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile njenge-polymer encibilika emanzini. Itholakala ku-cellulose, i-polymer yemvelo etholakala ezitshalweni, ngenqubo yokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali eyethula amaqembu e-carboxymethyl. I-CMC iqashwe kuyo yomibili imisebenzi yokumba ogwini nasogwini. Nazi izinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezisetshenziswa yi-CMC embonini yokumba i-petroleum kanye nowoyela:

1. Isengezo se-Drilling Fluid:
   • I-CMC ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengesithasiselo esibalulekile kuketshezi lokumba. Isebenza ngezinhloso eziningi, okuhlanganisa:
     • I-Viscosifier: I-CMC inyusa i-viscosity yoketshezi lokumba, inikeze ukugcotshwa okudingekayo nokumiswa kokusikwa.
     • Ukulawulwa Kokulahlekelwa Kwe-Fluid: I-CMC isiza ukulawula ukulahlekelwa uketshezi ekwakhekeni, iqinisekisa ukuzinza komthombo.
     • I-Rheology Modifier: I-CMC isebenza njengesilungisi se-rheology, esithonya izici zokugeleza zoketshezi lokumba ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene.
2. Umenzeli Wokumiswa:
   • Emanzini okumba, i-CMC isebenza njenge-ejenti yokumiswa, ivimbela izinhlayiya eziqinile, njengezisikwa ezibhobhile, ukuthi zingahlali phansi emgodini womthombo. Lokhu kunomthelela ekubhobolweni okuphumelelayo kanye nokususwa kwezinhlamvu ezisikiwe emgodini.
3. I-Lubricant and Friction Reducer:
   • I-CMC ihlinzeka ngokuthambisa futhi isebenza njengesinciphisi sokungqubuzana kuketshezi lokumba. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze kuncishiswe ukungqubuzana phakathi kwe-drill bit kanye ne-borehole, ukunciphisa ukuguga kwemishini yokumba kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokumba.
4. Ukuzinzisa kweBorehole:
   • I-CMC isiza ukuzinzisa umthombo ngokuvimbela ukubhidlika kwezakhiwo ezibhobhile. Yakha isambatho esivikelayo ezindongeni zemithombo yamanzi, ithuthukisa ukuzinza ngesikhathi sokusebenza kokumba.
5. Isengezo se-Cement Slurry:
   • I-CMC isetshenziswa njengesengezo kumaslurries kasimende ukuze kufakwe usimende umthombo kawoyela. Ithuthukisa izakhiwo ze-rheological ze-cement slurry, iqinisekisa ukubeka kahle nokuvimbela ukuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye ze-cement.
6. Ukutholwa Kawoyela Okuthuthukisiwe (EOR):
   • Ezinqubweni ezithuthukisiwe zokubuyisela uwoyela, i-CMC ingasetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokulawula ukuhamba. Isiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokugudluzwa koketshezi olujovwe, kube lula ukutholwa kukawoyela owengeziwe kuma-reservoir.
7. I-Fluid Viscosity Control:
   • I-CMC iqashwe ukuze ilawule i-viscosity yoketshezi lokumba, iqinisekise izakhiwo ezisezingeni eliphezulu zoketshezi ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene ze-downhole. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kahle kokubhola kanye nokuzinza kwe-wellbore.
8. Ukulawula Ikhekhe Lokuhlunga:
   • I-CMC isiza ukulawula ukwakheka kwamakhekhe okuhlunga ezindongeni ze-wellbore ngesikhathi sokumba. Isiza ekwakhiweni kwekhekhe lesihlungi elizinzile futhi elilawulekayo, ukuvimbela ukulahlekelwa uketshezi okweqile kanye nokugcina ubuqotho be-wellbore.
9. I-Reservoir Drilling Fluids:
   • Lapho kumbiwa amanzi echibini, i-CMC isetshenziselwa uketshezi lokumba ukuze kubhekwane nezinselele ezithile ezihlobene nezimo zedamu. Isiza ekugcineni ukuzinza kwe-wellbore nokulawula izakhiwo eziwuketshezi.
10. Ukulawulwa Kokujikeleza Okulahlekile:
    • I-CMC isetshenziswa ukulawula izinkinga zokujikeleza ezilahlekile ngesikhathi sokumba. Isiza ukuvala nokuvala izikhala ekwakhekeni, kuvimbele ukulahleka koketshezi lokumba ezindaweni ezinezimbotshana noma eziphukile.
11. I-Well Stimulation Fluids:
    • I-CMC ingasetshenziswa kuketshezi olushukumisa kahle ukuze kuthuthukiswe i-viscosity yoketshezi futhi imise okwesikhashana ama-proppent ngesikhathi sokusebenza kokuqhekeka kwe-hydraulic.

Kafushane, i-carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) idlala indima ebalulekile embonini yokumba i-petroleum ne-oyela, inegalelo ekusebenzeni kahle, ekuzinzeni, nasekuphepheni kokumba imisebenzi. Izakhiwo zayo eziguquguqukayo ziyenza ibe yisithako esibalulekile ekugezeni uketshezi kanye nemfucumfucu usimende, kubhekwane nezinselele ezihlukahlukene okuhlangatshezwane nazo ekuhloleni nasekukhishweni kwemithombo kawoyela negesi.