Ingxoxo Ngezici Ezithinta Uketshezi Lodaka

Ukumanzi kwedaka, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukusebenza kwalo noma ukungaguquguquki, kuyisakhiwo esibalulekile esithinta izici ezihlukahlukene zokwakha, okuhlanganisa nokubeka kalula, ukuminyana, nokuqeda. Kunezici eziningana ezithonya ukuguquguquka kodaka, futhi ukuqonda lezi zici kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza kahle kumaphrojekthi wokwakha. Nansi ingxoxo ngezinto ezithile ezibalulekile ezithinta uketshezi lodaka:

1. I-Water-to-Binder Ratio: I-water-to-binder ratio, emele isilinganiso samanzi ezintweni zikasimende (usimende, umcako, noma inhlanganisela), ithinta kakhulu uketshezi lodaka. Ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwamanzi kungathuthukisa ukusebenza ngokunciphisa i-viscosity nokwandisa ukugeleza. Kodwa-ke, amanzi amaningi kakhulu angaholela ekuhlukaniseni, ukopha, kanye namandla ancishisiwe, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukugcina isilinganiso esifanele samanzi ukuya ku-binder ukuze uthole uketshezi oludingekayo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kodaka.
2. Uhlobo kanye Nokwehlukaniswa Kwama-aggregates: Uhlobo, usayizi, ukwakheka, kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwezilinganiso ezisetshenziswa odakeni kuthinta izici zayo ze-rheological kanye noketshezi. Ama-aggregate amahle, njengesihlabathi, athuthukisa ukusebenza ngokugcwalisa izikhala nezinhlayiya zokugcoba, kuyilapho ama-aggregate amaholo anikeza ukuzinza namandla. Ama-aggregate ahlelwe kahle anokusabalalisa okulinganiselwe kosayizi bezinhlayiyana angathuthukisa ukuminyana nokugeleza kodaka, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni koketshezi nokuhlangana.
3. Ukusabalalisa Usayizi Wezinhlayiyana: Ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana zezinto zikasimende namaqoqo kuthonya ukuminyana kokupakisha, ukungqubuzana kwezinhlayiyana, kanye nokugeleza kodaka. Izinhlayiya ezincane zingagcwalisa izikhala phakathi kwezinhlayiya ezinkulu, zinciphise ukumelana nokungqubuzana futhi zithuthukise ukugeleza. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhlukahluka okubanzi kosayizi bezinhlayiyana kungase kuholele ekuhlukaniseni izinhlayiya, ukubumbana okungalungile, nokuncipha kwamanzi.
4. Izixube Zamakhemikhali: Izixube zamakhemikhali, njengezinciphisi zamanzi, ama-plasticizers, nama-superplasticizers, zingathinta kakhulu uketshezi lodaka ngokushintsha izici zalo ze-rheological. Izinciphisi zamanzi zinciphisa okuqukethwe kwamanzi okudingekayo ekuwohlokeni okuthile, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni amandla. Ama-Plasticizers athuthukisa ukubumbana futhi anciphise i-viscosity, kuyilapho ama-superplasticizers ahlinzeka ngokugeleza okuphezulu kanye nezakhiwo zokuzilinganisa, ikakhulukazi ezindongeni ezizihlanganisayo.
5. Uhlobo Nokubunjwa Kwe-binder: Uhlobo nokwakheka kwezibophezelo, ezifana usimende, umcako, noma izinhlanganisela zakhona, kuthonya i-hydration kinetics, isikhathi sokusetha, kanye nokuziphatha kwe-rheological of mortar. Izinhlobo ezihlukene zikasimende (isb., usimende wase-Portland, usimende ohlanganisiwe) nezinto zikasimende ezengeziwe (isb., umlotha wempukane, i-slag, i-silica fume) zingathinta ukumanzi nokuvumelana kodaka ngenxa yokuhluka kosayizi wezinhlayiyana, ukuphinda kusebenze, kanye nezici ze-hydration.
6. Inqubo Yokuxuba kanye Nezisetshenziswa: Inqubo yokuxuba kanye nemishini esetshenziselwa ukulungisa udaka ingaba nomthelela omanzi kanye ne-homogeneity. Amasu okuxuba afanelekile, okuhlanganisa isikhathi esifanele sokuxuba, isivinini, nokulandelana kokwengezwa kwezinto, kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukuhlakazeka okufanayo kwezithako kanye nezakhiwo ze-rheological ezingaguquki. Ukuxuba okungalungile kungaholela ekungeneni kwe-hydration, ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlayiya, kanye nokusatshalaliswa okungajwayelekile kwama-admixtures, okuthinta uketshezi nokusebenza kodaka.
7. Izimo Zemvelo: Izici zemvelo ezifana nezinga lokushisa, umswakama, nesivinini somoya zingathonya ukugeleza kodaka ngesikhathi sokuxutshwa, ukuthutha, nokubeka. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu asheshisa ukugeleza kwamanzi nokusetha, anciphise ukusebenza futhi andise ingozi yokuqhekeka kwepulasitiki. Amazinga okushisa aphansi angase abambezeleke ukusetha futhi ehlise ukugeleza kwamanzi, okudinga ukulungiswa ukuze kuxutshwe izilinganiso nemithamo yengxube ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza okufunayo.

uketshezi lodaka kuthonywa inhlanganisela yezinto eziphathelene nezinto zokwakha, ukwakheka kwengxubevange, izinqubo zokuxuba, nezimo zemvelo. Ngokucubungula lezi zici ngokucophelela nokwandisa izilinganiso zemiksi, ochwepheshe bezokwakha bangakwazi ukuzuza udaka ngoketshezi olufiselekayo, ukungaguquguquki, nokusebenza kwezinhlelo ezithile zokusebenza nezidingo zephrojekthi.