I-Dry Powder Botar yi-polymer eyomile yodaka noma udaka owomile olwenziwe ngaphambili. Kuluhlobo lukasimende ne-gypsum njengezinto eziphambili zesisekelo. Ngokusho kwezidingo ezahlukene zokwakha umsebenzi, okuhlanganisiwe kwe-powder yokwakha kanye nezithasiselo zengezwa ngengxenye ethile. Kuyinto yokwakha yokwakha kodaka engaxutshwa ngokulinganayo, ithuthwe endaweni yokwakha ezikhwameni noma ngobuningi, futhi ingasetshenziswa ngqo ngemuva kokungeza amanzi.
Imikhiqizo e-Dry Powter Comnictor evamile ifaka i-dry powder enethayi lokunamathela, ukopha kodonga olomile, owomile wempuphu wodonga, ukhonkolo owomile kakhonkolo, njll.
I-Dry Powder Botar ngokuvamile inezinto okungenani ezintathu: i-Binder, ehlanganisiwe, kanye nezithasiselo zodaka.
Ukwakhiwa okubonakalayo okuluhlaza kodaka owomile lwe-powder:
1.
(1) I-Inorganic Adhesive:
Izikhangiso ezinama-inorganic zifaka usimende ojwayelekile wePortland, usimende ophakeme we-alumina, usimende okhethekile, i-gypsum, anhydrite, njll.
(2) Adhesives arganic:
Ukunamathela okunama-organic ikakhulukazi kubhekisa ku-satex powder evuselelayo, okuyinto polymer ekhethwe yi-polymer eyakhiwe ngokomiswa kwesifutho esilungile (kanye nokukhethwa kwezithasiselo ezifanele) ze-polymer emulsion. I-polymer esomile namanzi baba yi-emulsion. Ingaphinde ikhishwe emanzini futhi, ukuze izinhlayiya ze-polymer zakha isakhiwo somzimba we-polymer ku-cuter datar, okufana nenqubo ye-polymer emulsion, futhi idlala indima ekushintsheni ngodaka kasimende.
Ngokusho kwezilinganiso ezahlukahlukene, ukuguqulwa kodaka owomile we-polysible nge-polymer powder evuselelayo kungathuthukisa amandla okubopha nge-substrate ehlukahlukene, futhi kuthuthukise ukuguquguquka, ubunzima, ukuhlangana nokugcinwa kwamanzi kanye nokugcinwa kwamanzi amandla nokwakhiwa.
I-powder evuselelayo ye-latex yodaka eyomile ngodaka ngokuyinhloko ifaka izinhlobo ezilandelayo: ① styrere-buthadiene copolymer; ② Styrere-acrylic acid copolymer; ③ Vinyl acetate copolymer; ④ polyacrylate homopolymer; ⑤ styrene acetate copolymer; ⑥ Vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer.
2. I-Aggregate:
I-Aggregate ihlukaniswe nge-coarse aggregate futhi ihlanganiswe kahle. Enye yezinto ezikhethekile zokhonkolo. Isebenza ikakhulukazi njengethambo futhi yehlisa ushintsho lwevolumu olubangelwa yi-shrinkage kanye nokuvuvukala kwemininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlelwa kanye nokuqina, futhi isetshenziswa njenge-filler eshibhile yokwenziwa komakhelwane. Kunama-aggregates wemvelo kanye nama-aggregates okufakelwa, okwedlule okunjenge-gravel, amatshe amatshe, pumice, isihlabathi semvelo, njll; Okugcina njenge-cinder, slag, ceramsite, i-perlite enwetshiwe, njll.
3
(1) I-Cellulose Ether:
Udaka olomile, inani lokungezwa le-cellulose ether liphansi kakhulu (ngokuvamile u-0.02% -0.7%), kepha lingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza ngodaka olumanzi, futhi luyisengezo esikhulu esithinta ukusebenza kodaka.
Ku-powder esomile, ngoba ionic cellulose ayizinzile phambi kwe-calcium ions, akuvamile ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni eyomile kafulawa esebenzisa usimende, ulamula ovuthayo, njll. Njengezinto zokwenziwa kokonga. I-Hydroxyyethyl cellulose isetshenziswa neminye imikhiqizo eyomile kafulawa, kepha isabelo sincane kakhulu.
I-Cellulose Tathers esetshenziselwa udaka lwe-powder eyomile ikakhulukazi i-hydroxyethyll methylcellulose (hemc) kanye ne-hydroxypropyll methylcellulose ether (HPMC), okubizwa ngokuthi yi-MC.
Izici ze-MC: Ukunamathela nokwakha kuyizici ezimbili ezithonya omunye komunye; Ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukugwema ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi okusheshayo, ukuze ubukhulu bogqinsi lodaka buncishiswe kakhulu.
(2) I-fiber elwa nama-anti-crack
Akukona ukusungulwa kwabantu banamuhla ukuxuba imicu kudaka njengezinto zokuqinisa ukuqhekeka. Ezikhathini zasendulo, okhokho bethu basebenzise imicu yemvelo njengezinto zokuqinisa ezinye izinsimbi ze-inorganic, njengokuxuba imicu yezitshalo kanye nodaka lwe-lime ukwakha amalunga ama-buddha, asebenzise ukolweni amalunga amafushane nodaka ophuzi Ukwakha izindlu, sebenzisa izinwele zabantu nezezilwane ukulungisa izindawo zokuzwa, sebenzisa imicu ye-pulp, i-lime, ne-gypsum ukupenda izindonga nokwenza imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ye-gypsum, njll. Lindela. Ukungeza imicu kuzinsiza zesisekelo sosekhulekile ukwenza ama-composites aqiniswe ngomasipala we-fiber aqinisile kuyindaba yamashumi eminyaka asanda kwedlula.
Imikhiqizo yesimende, izingxenye noma izakhiwo noma izakhiwo zizokhiqiza ngokungafanele ama-microcracks ngenxa yokushintshwa kwenqubo eqinile ye-centructure kanye nenqubo yokuqina kasimende, futhi kuzokwanda ngoshintsho ekujuleni kwe-shentinka, izinguquko zokushisa, kanye nemithwalo yangaphandle. Uma ngaphansi kwamandla angaphandle, imicu idlala indima ekunciphiseni nasekuvimbeleni ukwanda kwemifantu emincane. Imicu i-Criss-ewela futhi i-isotropic, idla futhi yenze ngcono ukucindezelwa, ivikele ukuthuthuka okwengeziwe kwemifantu, futhi kudlale indima ekuvinjelweni kwemifantu.
Ukungezwa kwemicu kungenza udaka oluhlanganisiwe olunekhwalithi ephezulu, ukusebenza okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana okuqhekekile, ukumelana nokuphikiswa, ukumelana kwenhliziyo, ukumelana nokuguga neminye imisebenzi.
(3) Amanzi anciphisa i-ejenti
Ukuncishiswa kwamanzi kungukuhlanganiswa kokhonkolo okunganciphisa inani lamanzi okuxuba ngenkathi kugcinwa ukuncipha kukakhonkolo ngokungashintshiwe kungashintshiwe. Iningi lazo lingama-surfic angu-aniosulfonate, anjengeLiglosulfonate, i-naphthaleneenesfonate formaldehyde polymer, kungasabalalisa ukukhiqizwa kokhonkolo, kuhlakaze ukusebenziseka kwawo usimende, kuthuthukise ukusebenziseka kwayo, kuthuthukise ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi, kuthuthukise uketshezi lwengxube ekhonkolo; noma unciphise ukusetshenziswa ngokonasi weyunithi bese ugcine usimende.
Ngokwamanzi anciphisa futhi aqinisa amandla okunciphisa amanzi, ahlukaniswe ngamanzi ajwayelekile anciphisa i-ejenti (eyaziwa nangokuthi amanani e-spignosulfonate angaphansi kwama-8%, amelwe amandla ancishisiwe amanzi ancishisiwe (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Superplastizer) I-Plistic) I-Plistic, inani lokunciphisa amanzi alikho ngaphansi kwe-14%, kufaka phakathi uNaphthalene, iMelamine, i-Sulfamate, I-Aliphatic, njll. I-Acid imelelwa yi-superplastimizer), futhi ihlukaniswe ngohlobo lwamandla okuqala, uhlobo olujwayelekile nohlobo olubuyiselwe.
Ngokusho kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, kuvame ukuhlukaniswa kube yi-superplastifizer esekelwe eLignosulfonate, ama-superplastifizer asuselwa ku-naphthamine, ama-superplastizers asuselwa ku-sulplamizer, ama-superplastizers asuselwa ku-superplastizes asuselwa ku-acid acid. Ama-ejenti wamanzi, ama-superplastizer asuselwa ku-polycarboxxEd-based.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okunciphisa i-ejenti ku-powder eyomile udaka kunezici ezilandelayo: uConypsum ukuzilibazisa, udaka ngodaka ngodaka, udaka lwamanzi, uPutty, njll.
Ukukhethwa kwamanzi okunciphisa amanzi kufanele kukhethwe ngokuya ngezinto zokwenziwa ezihlukene eziluhlaza kanye nezinto ezihlukile zodaka.
(4) isitashi ether
I-Starch Ether isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi olimini lwezokwakha, olungathinta ukungaguquguquki kodaka olususelwa ku-gypsum, usimende naku-lime, futhi ushintshe ukumelana nodaka kodaka. I-Starch izithembiso zivame ukusetshenziswa ngokubambisana ne-Cellulose Afers eguquliwe futhi eguquliwe. Ilungele izinhlelo ezingathathi hlangothi ne-alkaline, futhi iyahambisana nezithasiselo eziningi emikhiqizweni ye-gypsum kanye nosimende (njenge-surfactants, i-MC, isitashi kanye ne-polyminyl acetate namanye ama-polymers ancibilikayo).
Izici ze-starch ether zilala kakhulu: ngcono ukumelana kwe-sag; Ukwenza ngcono ukwakhiwa; Ukwenza ngcono isivuno sikaDitare, okusetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi: ngodaka okwenziwe ngesandla noma ngomshini ofafazwe ngosimende olususelwa kusimende naku-gypsum, caulk kanye nokunamathela; anamathela; Masonry ukwakha udaka.
Qaphela: Umthamo ojwayelekile we-Starch Ether ngodaka ngu-0.01-0.1%.
(5) Ezinye izengezo:
Umenzeli ongenisa umoya wethula inani elikhulu lama-micro-bubble asatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo ngesikhathi senqubo yokuxuba kodaka, edala ukungezwani kwamanzi okuxuba amanzi, ngaleyo ndlela kuholele ekuhlakazekeni okungcono nokwehlisa ukopha nokuhlukaniswa kokhonkolo ngodaka ingxube. Izengezo, ikakhulukazi amafutha we-sodium sulfonate kanye ne-sodium sulfate, umthamo ngu-0.005-0.02%.
AbakwaTetaarders basetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ku-gypsum dotisars kanye nama-fillers ahlanganisiwe we-gypsum. Kuyinto ikakhulukazi usawoti we-acid, imvamisa ingezwe ngenani le-0.05% -0.25%.
Ama-Hydrophobic Agents (izimpendulo zamanzi) zivimbela amanzi ukuthi angena ngaphakathi kodaka, kanti udaka luhlala luvulekele umphunga wamanzi ukuze anciphise. I-Hydrophobic polymer redisperserible powders isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi.
I-DeCoamer, ukusiza ukukhulula ama-bubble e-Air afakwe futhi akhiqizwa ngesikhathi sombusi wodaka nokwakha, athuthukise amandla acindezelayo, athuthukise isimo sendawo, umthamo 0.02-0.5%.
Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-09-2023