Ukuthuthukisa Ukhonkolo Ngezithasiselo

Ukuthuthukisa ukhonkolo ngezithasiselo kubandakanya ukufaka izithasiselo ezihlukahlukene zamakhemikhali namaminerali engxubeni kakhonkolo ukuze kuthuthukiswe izici ezithile noma izici zikakhonkolo oqinile. Nazi izinhlobo ezimbalwa zezithasiselo ezivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukhonkolo:

1. Izingxube Zokunciphisa Amanzi (Ama-Plasticizers):
   • Izixube zokunciphisa amanzi, ezaziwa nangokuthi ama-plasticizers noma ama-superplasticizers, athuthukisa ukusebenza ngokunciphisa inani lamanzi adingekayo ekuxubeni kukakhonkolo. Basiza ukwandisa ukuwohloka, ukunciphisa ukuhlukaniswa, nokuthuthukisa ukugeleza kukakhonkolo ngaphandle kokuyekethisa amandla.
2. Setha Izixube Ezihlehliswayo:
   • Izixube ezihlehliswayo ezimisiwe zisetshenziselwa ukubambezela isikhathi sokusetha sikakhonkolo, okuvumela ukusebenza okunwetshiwe nesikhathi sokubeka. Ziwusizo ikakhulukazi esimweni sezulu esishisayo noma kumaphrojekthi amakhulu lapho ukuthutha okude kanye nezikhathi zokubekwa kuyadingeka.
3. Setha Izingxube Ezisheshayo:
   • Ama-admixtures asheshayo esethi asetshenziselwa ukusheshisa isikhathi sokumisa ukhonkolo, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokwakha nokwenza ukususwa kwe-formwork ngokushesha nokuqedwa. Zinenzuzo ezimweni zezulu ezibandayo noma lapho kudingeka ukuzuza amandla ngokushesha.
4. I-Air-Entraining Admixtures:
   • Izixube zokufaka umoya zengezwa kukhonkolo ukuze kudaleke amabhamuza omoya amancane kungxube, athuthukisa ukumelana nokuncibilika kokuqandisa kanye nokuqina. Bathuthukisa ukusebenza kanye nokuhlangana kokhonkolo, ikakhulukazi esimweni sezulu esibi.
5. Ama-Pozzolans:
   • Izinto ze-Pozzolanic ezifana nomlotha wempukane, i-silica fume, ne-slag izithasiselo zamaminerali ezisabela nge-calcium hydroxide kusimende ukuze zakhe izinhlanganisela zikasimende ezengeziwe. Bathuthukisa amandla, ukuqina, nokumelana nokuhlaselwa kwamakhemikhali futhi banciphise ukushisa kwe-hydration.
6. Imicu:
   • Izithasiselo zefiber, njengensimbi, okokwenziwa (i-polypropylene, inayiloni), noma imicu yengilazi, isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa amandla aqinile, ukumelana nomthelela, nokuqina kukakhonkolo. Zisiza ukulawula ukuqhekeka nokuthuthukisa ukuqina ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezihlelekile nezingezona ezakhiwe.
7. Inhlanganisela Yokunciphisa Ukuncipha:
   • Izixube ezinciphisa ukushwabana zisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukomisa ukushwabana kukhonkolo, ukunciphisa ingozi yokuqhekeka nokuthuthukisa ukuqina kwesikhathi eside. Basebenza ngokunciphisa ukushuba kwamanzi emanzini kungxube kakhonkolo.
8. Ama-Corrosion Inhibitors:
   • Ama-Corrosion inhibitors ayizithasiselo zamakhemikhali ezivikela izakhiwo zikakhonkolo eziqinisiwe ekugqwaleni okubangelwa ama-ion e-chloride, i-carbonation, noma ezinye izinto ezinolaka. Zisiza ukunweba impilo yesevisi kakhonkolo ezindaweni zasolwandle, zezimboni, noma zemigwaqo emikhulu.
9. Ama-ejenti okufaka imibala:
   • Ama-ejenti ombala, afana nezingulube ze-iron oxide noma odayi bokwenziwa, asetshenziselwa ukwengeza umbala kukhonkolo ngezinjongo zokuhlobisa noma zobuhle. Bathuthukisa ukukhanga okubonakalayo kwezindawo ezikhonkolo ezinhlelweni zezakhiwo nezokubukeka kwezwe.

Ngokuhlanganisa lezi zengezo ezixubeni zikakhonkolo, onjiniyela nosonkontileka bangalungisa izakhiwo zikakhonkolo ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zephrojekthi futhi bazuze izici zokusebenza ezifiselekayo, njengamandla, ukuqina, ukusebenza, nokubukeka.