1 Isingeniso
I-Cellulose ether (MC) isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yezinto zokwakha futhi isetshenziswa ngenani elikhulu. Ingasetshenziswa njenge-retarder, i-ejenti yokugcina amanzi, i-thickener kanye ne-adhesive. Odakeni olujwayelekile oluxutshwe okomile, udaka lwangaphandle olufakwa odongeni, udaka oluzilinganisa, okunamathelisa amathayela, i-putty yesakhiwo esebenza kahle, i-putty engangeni ngaphakathi nangaphandle, udaka oluxubene olungangeni manzi, ukhonkolo lwegypsum, i-caulking agent nezinye izinto, I-cellulose Ethers idlala indima ebalulekile. I-Cellulose ether inethonya elibalulekile ekugcinweni kwamanzi, isidingo samanzi, ukuhlangana, ukuncipha kanye nokwakhiwa kwesistimu yodaka.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene kanye nokucaciswa kwe-cellulose ethers. Ama-cellulose ether asetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha afaka i-HEC, i-HPMC, i-CMC, i-PAC, i-MHEC, njll., asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zodaka oluhlukile ngokuya ngezici zazo. Abanye abantu benze ucwaningo ngethonya lezinhlobo ezahlukene kanye namanani ahlukene e-cellulose ether ohlelweni lodaka lukasimende. Lesi sihloko sigxile kulesi sisekelo futhi sichaza indlela yokukhetha izinhlobo ezahlukene kanye nokucaciswa kwe-cellulose ethers emikhiqizweni ehlukene yodaka.
2 Izici ezisebenzayo ze-cellulose ether odakeni lukasimende
Njengengxube ebalulekile odakeni lwempuphu eyomile, i-cellulose ether inemisebenzi eminingi odakeni. Indima ebaluleke kakhulu ye-cellulose ether odakeni lukasimende ukugcina amanzi nokujiya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokusebenzelana kwayo nohlelo lukasimende, ingaphinda idlale indima eyisizayo ekufakeni umoya, ukubuyisela emuva, kanye nokuthuthukisa amandla ebhondi eqinile.
Ukusebenza okubaluleke kakhulu kwe-cellulose ether odakeni ukugcinwa kwamanzi. I-Cellulose ether isetshenziswa njengengxube ebalulekile cishe kuyo yonke imikhiqizo yodaka, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokugcinwa kwayo kwamanzi. Ngokuvamile, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether kuhlobene ne-viscosity yayo, inani elingeziwe kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiyana.
I-Cellulose ether isetshenziswa njenge-thickener, futhi umphumela wayo wokuqina uhlobene ne-etherification degree, usayizi wezinhlayiyana, i-viscosity kanye nedigri yokuguqulwa kwe-cellulose ether. Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kwezinga le-etherification kanye ne-viscosity ye-cellulose ether, izinhlayiya ezincane, umphumela wokujiya ubonakala nakakhulu. Ngokulungisa izici ezingenhla ze-MC, udaka lungakwazi ukufeza ukusebenza okufanele kokulwa nokuhlehla kanye ne-viscosity engcono kakhulu.
Ku-ether ye-cellulose, ukwethulwa kweqembu le-alkyl kunciphisa amandla angaphezulu kwesisombululo samanzi esiqukethe i-cellulose ether, ukuze i-cellulose ether ibe nomthelela wokungenisa umoya odongeni lukasimende. Ukwethula amabhamuza omoya afanele odakeni kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kodaka ngenxa “yomphumela webhola” wamabhamuza omoya. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwethulwa kwama-bubbles emoyeni kwandisa izinga lokukhipha udaka. Yiqiniso, inani lokungena emoyeni lidinga ukulawulwa. Ukungena emoyeni kakhulu kuzoba nomthelela omubi emandleni odaka, ngoba amabhamuza omoya ayingozi angase angeniswe.
2.1 I-Cellulose ether izobambezela inqubo yokufakwa kwe-hydration kasimende, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise isivinini sokusetha kanye nenqubo yokuqina kukasimende, futhi yandise isikhathi sokuvula sikasimende ngokufanele, kodwa lo mphumela awulungile odakeni ezindaweni ezibandayo. Lapho ukhetha i-cellulose ether, umkhiqizo ofanele kufanele ukhethwe ngokuya ngesimo esithile. Umphumela obambezelekayo we-cellulose ether unwetshwa ikakhulukazi ngokukhula kwedigri ye-etherification, idigri yokuguqulwa kanye ne-viscosity.
Ukwengeza, i-cellulose ether, njengento ye-polymer ye-chain-chain, ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-bonding ne-substrate ngemva kokwengezwa ohlelweni lukasimende ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokugcina ngokugcwele umswakama we-slurry.
2.2 Izici ze-cellulose ether odakeni ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa: ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukuqina, ukwandisa isikhathi sokusetha, ukufaka umoya nokuthuthukisa amandla okubopha okuqinile, njll. Ngokuhambisana nalezi zakhiwo ezingenhla, kubonakala ezicini ze-MC ngokwayo, okungukuthi: i-viscosity, ukuzinza, okuqukethwe kwezithako ezisebenzayo (inani elingeziwe), izinga lokushintshwa kwe-etherification kanye nokufana kwayo, izinga lokuguqulwa, okuqukethwe kwezinto eziyingozi, njll. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha i-MC, i-cellulose ether enezici zayo ezinganikeza ukusebenza okufanele kufanele ikhethwe ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zomkhiqizo othile wodaka ukuze usebenze okuthile.
3 Izici ze-cellulose ether
Ngokuvamile, imiyalelo yomkhiqizo ehlinzekwa abakhiqizi be-cellulose ether izobandakanya izinkomba ezilandelayo: ukubukeka, i-viscosity, izinga lokushintshwa kweqembu, ubuhle, okuqukethwe okusebenzayo (ukuhlanzeka), okuqukethwe komswakama, izindawo ezinconyiwe kanye nomthamo, njll. Lezi zinkomba zokusebenza zingabonisa ingxenye yendima ye-cellulose ether, kodwa uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhetha i-cellulose ether, ezinye izici ezifana nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali ayo, idigri yokuguqulwa, idigri ye-etherification, okuqukethwe kwe-NaCl, kanye nevelu ye-DS kufanele futhi ihlolwe.
3.1 I-viscosity ye-cellulose ether
I-viscosity ye-cellulose ether ithinta ukugcinwa kwayo kwamanzi, ukuqina, ukubuyisela emuva nezinye izici. Ngakho-ke, kuyinkomba ebalulekile yokuhlola nokukhetha i-cellulose ether.
Ngaphambi kokuxoxa nge-viscosity ye-cellulose ether, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunezindlela ezine ezivame ukusetshenziswa zokuhlola i-viscosity ye-cellulose ether: i-Brookfield, i-Hakke, i-Höppler, ne-viscometer ejikelezayo. Izisetshenziswa, ukugxilwa kwesixazululo kanye nendawo yokuhlola esetshenziswa izindlela ezine zihlukile, ngakho-ke imiphumela yesisombululo esifanayo se-MC esihlolwe izindlela ezine nayo ihluke kakhulu. Ngisho nesixazululo esifanayo, usebenzisa indlela efanayo, ukuhlola ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukene zemvelo, i-viscosity
Imiphumela nayo iyahlukahluka. Ngakho-ke, lapho uchaza i-viscosity ye-cellulose ether, kuyadingeka ukukhombisa ukuthi iyiphi indlela esetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa, ukuhlushwa kwesisombululo, i-rotor, isivinini esijikelezayo, izinga lokushisa lokuhlola nomswakama nezinye izimo zemvelo. Lelivelu le-viscosity liyigugu. Akunangqondo ukumane uthi “yini i-viscosity ye-MC ethile”.
3.2 Ukuzinza Komkhiqizo We-Cellulose Ether
Ama-cellulose ether ayaziwa ukuthi angahlaselwa yisikhunta se-cellulosic. Lapho ukhunta lucekela phansi i-cellulose ether, luqale luhlasele iyunithi ye-glucose engasebenzi kahle ku-cellulose ether. Njengenhlanganisela yomugqa, lapho iyunithi ye-glucose ibhujiswa, lonke iketango lamangqamuzana liphukile, futhi i-viscosity yomkhiqizo izokwehla kakhulu. Ngemuva kokuthi iyunithi ye-glucose i-etherified, isikhunta ngeke sigqwalise kalula iketango lamangqamuzana. Ngakho-ke, lapho izinga lokushintshwa kwe-etherification liphezulu (ivelu ye-DS) ye-cellulose ether, yilapho kuzophakama khona ukuzinza kwayo.
3.3 Okuqukethwe kwesithako esisebenzayo se-cellulose ether
Ukuphakama kokuqukethwe kwezithako ezisebenzayo ku-cellulose ether, kuyanda ukusebenza kwezindleko zomkhiqizo, ukuze imiphumela engcono ingazuzwa ngomthamo ofanayo. Isithako esisebenzayo ku-cellulose ether i-cellulose ether molecule, into ephilayo. Ngakho-ke, lapho uhlola okuqukethwe okusebenzayo kwe-cellulose ether, kungaboniswa ngokungaqondile ivelu lomlotha ngemva kokubala.
3.4 Okuqukethwe kwe-NaCl ku-cellulose ether
I-NaCl iwumkhiqizo ongenakugwenywa ekukhiqizeni i-cellulose ether, ngokuvamile edinga ukususwa ngokuwashwa okuningi, futhi izikhathi eziningi zokugeza, i-NaCl isala kancane. I-NaCl iyingozi eyaziwayo yokugqwala kwezinsimbi zensimbi kanye nensimbi yocingo. Ngakho-ke, nakuba ukwelashwa kwendle kokugeza i-NaCl izikhathi eziningi kungase kwenyuse izindleko, lapho sikhetha imikhiqizo ye-MC, kufanele sizame konke okusemandleni ethu ukukhetha imikhiqizo enokuqukethwe kwe-NaCl ephansi.
4 Izimiso zokukhetha i-cellulose ether yemikhiqizo ehlukene yodaka
Lapho ukhetha i-cellulose ether yemikhiqizo yodaka, okokuqala, ngokwencazelo yebhukwana lomkhiqizo, khetha izinkomba zayo zokusebenza (ezifana ne-viscosity, izinga lokushintshwa kwe-etherification, okuqukethwe kwento esebenzayo, okuqukethwe kwe-NaCl, njll.) Izici zokusebenza nokukhetha izimiso
4.1 Uhlelo lukakhonkolo oluzacile
Ukuthatha udaka lokukhonkoloza lwesistimu yokuplasta encane njengesibonelo, njengoba udaka lokukhonkolo luthinta ngokuqondile imvelo yangaphandle, indawo engaphezulu ilahlekelwa amanzi ngokushesha, ngakho izinga eliphezulu lokugcinwa kwamanzi liyadingeka. Ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa ehlobo, kuyadingeka ukuthi udaka lungagcina kangcono umswakama ekushiseni okuphezulu. Kudingeka ukukhetha i-MC enezinga eliphezulu lokugcinwa kwamanzi, elingacatshangwa ngokugcwele ngezici ezintathu: i-viscosity, usayizi wezinhlayiyana, kanye nenani elingeziwe. Ngokuvamile, ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo, khetha i-MC ene-viscosity ephakeme, futhi ucabangela izidingo zokusebenza, i-viscosity akufanele ibe phezulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, i-MC ekhethiwe kufanele ibe nezinga eliphezulu lokugcinwa kwamanzi kanye ne-viscosity ephansi. Phakathi kwemikhiqizo ye-MC, i-MH60001P6 njll inganconywa ngohlelo lokunamathisela lokunamathisela lokunamathisela okuncane.
4.2 Udaka lokuplasta olusekelwe kusimende
Udaka lokunamathisela ludinga ukufana okuhle kodaka, futhi kulula ukulisebenzisa ngokulinganayo lapho uplasta. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kudinga ukusebenza okuhle kokulwa nokuhlehla, umthamo wokupompa okuphezulu, uketshezi kanye nokusebenza kahle. Ngakho-ke, i-MC ene-viscosity ephansi, ukuhlakazeka okusheshayo nokuthuthukiswa okungaguquguquki (izinhlayiya ezincane) kudaka lukasimende kukhethiwe.
Ekwakhiweni kwe-adhesive tile, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, kuyadingeka ikakhulukazi ukuthi udaka lube nesikhathi eside sokuvula kanye nokusebenza okungcono kwe-anti-slide, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kudinga isibopho esihle phakathi kwe-substrate ne-tile. . Ngakho-ke, izinamathiselo zamathayili zinezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu ze-MC. Kodwa-ke, i-MC ngokuvamile inokuqukethwe okuphezulu okunamathelayo kwamathayela. Lapho ukhetha i-MC, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nemfuneko yesikhathi eside sokuvula, i-MC ngokwayo idinga ukuba nenani eliphakeme lokugcina amanzi, futhi izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi lidinga i-viscosity efanele, inani elingeziwe kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiyana. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokusebenza okuhle kokulwa nokushelela, umphumela wokujiya we-MC muhle, ukuze udaka lube nokumelana nokugeleza okuqinile okuqondile, futhi ukusebenza kokuqina kunezidingo ezithile ku-viscosity, i-etherification degree kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiyana.
4.4 Udaka lwaphansi oluzilinganisa ngokwalo
I-self-leveling mortar inezidingo eziphakeme ekusebenzeni kokulinganisa kodaka, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukukhetha imikhiqizo ye-cellulose ether ye-viscosity ephansi. Njengoba ukuzilinganisa kudinga ukuthi udaka olunyakaziswa ngokulinganayo lukwazi ukulinganisa ngokuzenzakalelayo phansi, uketshezi kanye nokudonsa kuyadingeka, ngakho isilinganiso samanzi nempahla sikhulu. Ukuze uvimbele ukopha, i-MC iyadingeka ukulawula ukugcinwa kwamanzi endaweni futhi inikeze i-viscosity ukuvimbela ukubola.
4.5 Udaka lwamatshe
Ngenxa yokuthi udaka lwamatshe luthintana ngqo nobuso bomatshe, ngokuvamile ukwakhiwa kogqinsi. Udaka luyadingeka ukuze lube nokusebenza okuphezulu nokugcinwa kwamanzi, futhi lungaqinisekisa futhi amandla okuhlangana nomsebenzi wokwakha, luthuthukise ukusebenza, futhi lwandise ukusebenza kahle. Ngakho-ke, i-MC ekhethiwe kufanele ikwazi ukusiza udaka ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza okungenhla, futhi i-viscosity ye-cellulose ether akufanele ibe phezulu kakhulu.
4.6 I-insulation slurry
Njengoba i-thermal insulation slurry isetshenziswa kakhulu ngesandla, kuyadingeka ukuthi i-MC ekhethiwe inganikeza udaka ukusebenza okuhle, ukusebenza kahle nokugcinwa kwamanzi okuhle kakhulu. I-MC kufanele futhi ibe nezici ze-viscosity ephezulu kanye ne-air-entrainment ephezulu.
5 Isiphetho
Imisebenzi ye-cellulose ether odakeni lukasimende ukugcina amanzi, ukuqina, ukungena komoya, ukuncipha kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamandla ebhondi eqinile, njll.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-30-2023