Iyini indima ye-ejenti yokugcina amanzi exutshwe nezinto ze-gypsum powder?
Impendulo: I-gypsum elungisayo, i-jpsum ehlanganisiwe, i-caulking gypsum, i-gypsum putty nezinye izinto zokwakha zokwakha ziyasetshenziswa. Ukuze kusizakale ukwakhiwa, ama-gypsum retarders angezwa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza ukuze andise isikhathi sokwakha se-gypsum slurry. I-retarder ingeziwe ekuvimbeleni inqubo ye-hydration ye-hemihydrate gypsum. Lolu hlobo lwe-gypsum slurry ludinga ukugcinwa odongeni amahora angu-1 kuye kwangama-2 ngaphambi kokuthi lube yizindonga zokutholwa kwamanzi, futhi ezinye izindonga zekhonkolo ezikhanyayo, okutholakale ezinye izintambo zokhonkolo, okuholela ekushoneni kwamanzi lapho I-Gypsum Slurry Hlonda futhi i-hydration enganele. Ngokuphelele, okubangela ukwahlukana nokuqothuka kokuhlangana phakathi kodaka kanye nobuso obudongeni. Ukungezwa kwe-ejenti yokugcina amanzi kuwukugcina umswakama oqukethwe ku-gypsum slurry, ukuqinisekisa ukusabela kwe-hydration kwe-gypsum slurry esibonakalayo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe amandla okubopha. Ama-ejenti ajwayelekile asetshenziswa ngamanzi asetshenziswayo ama-cellulose afences, njenge: Methyl cellulose (MC), i-hpmpypropyl methyl celtule (hpmc), i-hpdroxypyll methyllulose (i-hpmc), i-polyvinylyl methy, njll.
Akunandaba noma hlobo luni lwe-ejenti yokugcina amanzi lungabambezela izinga le-hypsum ngamazinga ahlukahlukene, lapho inani le-retardarder lihlala lingashintshiwe, i-ejenti yokugcina amanzi ingabuyisa imingcele imizuzu engu-15-30. Ngakho-ke, inani le-retardder lingancishiswa ngokufanele.
Yimuphi umthamo ofanele wamanzi wokugcina amanzi ezintweni ezibonakalayo ze-gypsum powder?
Impendulo: Ama-ejenti wokugcina amanzi ajwayele ukusetshenziswa ezintweni zokwakha ze-powder ezinjenge-gypsum yokubumba, ukubopha i-gypsum, i-gypsum ye-caulsking, ne-gypsum putty. Ngoba lolu hlobo lwe-gypsum luxutshwe nomthengisi, oluvimbela inqubo ye-hydration ye-hemihydrate gypsum, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukwelashwa kokugcinwa kwamanzi ku-gypsum slurry ukuvikela ingxenye yamanzi, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwamanzi kanye ne-gypsum slurry kulukhuni. Ukungezwa kwe-ejenti yokugcina amanzi kuwukugcina umswakama oqukethwe ku-gypsum slurry, ukuqinisekisa ukusabela kwe-hydration kwe-gypsum slurry esibonakalayo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe amandla okubopha.
Umthamo wayo ngokuvamile u-0,1% kuya ku-0.2% (accounting for gypsum), lapho i-gypsum slurry isetshenziswa ezindongeni ezinamakhonkolo aqinile (ama-gypsum gypsum, njll. Umenzeli wokugcina amanzi udinga ukuba mkhulu (ngokuvamile u-0.2% kuya ku-0.5%).
Ama-ejenti agcina amanzi anjenge-methyl cellulose (MC) ne-hydroxypropyll methylcellulose (HPMC) zibanda, kepha zizokwakha izigaxa esigabeni sokuqala lapho zincibilikiswa ngqo emanzini. I-ejenti yokugcina amanzi idinga ukuxutshwa nge-gypsum powder ukusakazeka. Lungiselela empuphu owomile; Faka amanzi bese uvule, ake ume imizuzu emi-5, uvuse futhi, umphumela ungcono. Kodwa-ke, zinjenemikhiqizo ye-cellulose ether ether engachithwa ngqo emanzini, kepha anethonya elincane ekukhiqizweni kodaka olusomile lwempuphu.
Ngabe i-ejenti engangeni manzi idlala kanjani umsebenzi wamanzi e-gypsum lukhuni umzimba oqinile?
Impendulo: Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-agents angenamanzi zisebenzisa umsebenzi wazo wangana manzi emzimbeni oqinile we-gypsum ngokwezindlela ezihlukile zesenzo. Ngokuyisisekelo kungafingqwa ngezindlela ezine ezilandelayo:
. Isibonelo, i-fatty ye-fatty ye-acid eyenziwe ye-C7-C9 eyengeziwe yengezwa, futhi inani elifanele le-Quicklime ne-ammonium borate ingezwa ngasikhathi sinye.
(2) akhiqize ungqimba lwamafilimu olungenamanzi ukuvimba ama-pores amahle e-capillary emzimbeni olukhuni. Isibonelo, ukuhlanganisa i-paraffin emulsion, i-asphalt emulsion, i-rosin emulsion kanye ne-paraffin-rosin composite emulsion, njll.
. Isibonelo, kufakwa izici ezihlukene ze-silicone zamanzi, kufaka phakathi amafutha ahlukahlukene we-salsone.
(4) Ngokusebenzisa imali yangaphandle noma ukucwilisa ukuhlukanisa amanzi kusuka kokucwiliswa eziteshini ze-capillary zomzimba oqinile, ama-agents ahlukahlukene we-silicone angavunyelwanga angasetshenziswa. Ama-Silicones asuselwa ku-Solvent angcono kunama-silicones asuselwa emanzini, kepha okwedlule kwenza ukuthi igesi ye-gesmeability ye-gppsum eqinile umzimba inciphile.
Yize ama-ejenti ahlukene angavimba amanzi angasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ukubhekana namanzi wezinto zokwakha ze-gypsum ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, i-gypsum iseyinto evimbela izindiza eqinile yomoya, futhi ilungele izindawo ezinomswakama zangaphandle noma zesikhathi eside, futhi ilungele izimo ezimanzi zangaphandle noma ezomile.
Kuyini ukuguqulwa kwe-gypsum yokwakha nge-ejenti engangeni manzi?
Impendulo: Kunezindlela ezimbili eziphambili ze-ejenti ye-gypsum waterproofing: eyodwa ukukhulisa i-coeffling ethambisa ngokunciphisa i-solubity, kanti enye ukunciphisa izinga lokufakwa kwamanzi kwezinto ze-gypsum. Kanye nokunciphisa ukumuncwa kwamanzi kungenziwa kusuka ezicini ezimbili. Eyodwa ukwandisa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-gypsum elukhuni, okungukuthi, ukunciphisa ukumuncwa kwamanzi kwe-gypsum ngokunciphisa ukumelana nokuqhekeka kwamanzi, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana kwamanzi nge-gypsum. Okunye ukwandisa amandla angaphezulu komzimba we-gypsum lukhuni, okungukuthi, ukunciphisa ukumuncwa kwamanzi kwe-gypsum ngokwenza i-pore support yakha ifilimu le-hydrophobic.
Ama-ejenti angavimba amanzi anciphisa i-porosity edla indima ngokuvimba ama-pores amahle we-gypsum futhi andise ukuhlanganiswa komzimba we-gypsum. Kune-admixtures eningi yokunciphisa i-porsity, njenge: upharafini emulsion, i-asphalt emulsion, i-rosin emulsion kanye ne-paraffin asphalt composite emulsion. Lawa ma-ejenti angenamanzi asebenza ngempumelelo ekunciphiseni i-pority ye-gypsum ngaphansi kwezindlela ezifanele zokucushwa, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, futhi zinemiphumela emibi emikhiqizweni ye-gypsum.
Ukuphindisela kwamanzi okujwayelekile okuguqula amandla angaphezulu kwe-silicone. Ingangena echwebeni le-pore ngayinye, shintsha amandla angaphezulu ngaphakathi kobubanzi obuthile, futhi ngaleyo ndlela shintsha i-angle yokuxhumana ngamanzi, uzuze inhloso yokungena kwamanzi, futhi ngasikhathi sinye ukulondolozwa komoya okuvumayo. Izinhlobo zalolu hlobo lwe-ejenti yokungena kwamanzi zibandakanya ikakhulukazi: i-sodium methyl silicotate, i-silicone resin, i-ejelsicone ye-silicone, futhi ngasikhathi sinye, angeke akwazi ukuxazulula izinkinga zemikhiqizo ye-gypsum yesikhathi eside.
Abacwaningi basekhaya basebenzisa indlela yokuhlanganisa izinto eziphilayo nezinto zokwakha i-inorganic, okungukuthi, ngokusekelwe ku-organic emulsion agelsoition agelsofing agelsication etholwe yi-ejelvinyl yotshwala ne-alent entsha ye-gypsum composite amenzeli ahlanganiswe nokukhipha amanzi angenamanzi i-ejenti. I-ejenti ye-gypsum composite materproofite angaxutshwa ngokuqondile ne-gypsum namanzi, babambe iqhaza kwinqubo ye-crystallization ye-gypsum, futhi uthole umphumela ongcono ongavunyelwe amanzi.
Yimuphi umphumela ovilitory we-ejenti yokungena kwamanzi e-lisa nge-efferescence ku-gypsum ngodaka?
Impendulo: (1) Ukungezwa kwe-ejenti elingenamanzi e-Silane kunganciphisa kakhulu izinga le-efferescence yodaka lwe-gypsum, kanye nezinga lokuvinjwa kwe-gypsum kukhuphuka ngokungezwa okuthile. Umphumela ovimbelani waseSilane ku-0.4% uSilane ulungile, futhi umphumela waso wokuvimbela kuvame ukubanzile lapho inani lidlula le mali.
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Isikhathi sePosi: Nov-22-2022