Iyini indima ye-ejenti yokugcina amanzi exutshwe ku-gypsum powder material?
Impendulo: i-gypsum plastering, i-gypsum eboshiwe, i-caulking gypsum, i-gypsum putty nezinye izinto zokwakha zempuphu zisetshenziswa. Ukuze kube lula ukwakhiwa, ama-retarders e-gypsum ayengezwa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza ukwandisa isikhathi sokwakhiwa kwe-gypsum slurry. I-retarder yengezwa ukuvimbela inqubo ye-hydration ye-hemihydrate gypsum. Lolu hlobo lwe-gypsum slurry ludinga ukugcinwa odongeni amahora angu-1 kuye kwayi-2 ngaphambi kokuba lujiye, futhi izindonga eziningi zinezindawo zokumunca amanzi, ikakhulukazi izindonga zezitini, kanye nezindonga ze-Air-concrete, amabhodi okufaka ama-porous kanye nezinye izinto ezintsha zodonga ezinesisindo esilula, ngakho-ke i-gypsum slurry kufanele igcinwe amanzi ukuze kuvimbele ingxenye yamanzi, okuholela ekudlulisweni kwamanzi odongeni. i-gypsum slurry iyaqina futhi ingenanele amanzi. Ngokuphelele, okubangela ukuhlukaniswa nokugoqa kwesihlanganiso phakathi kwe-plaster kanye nodonga olungaphezulu. Ukwengezwa kwe-ejenti egcina amanzi ukugcina umswakama oqukethwe ku-gypsum slurry, ukuqinisekisa ukusabela kwe-hydration ye-gypsum slurry esibonakalayo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe amandla okubopha. Ama-ejenti okugcina amanzi asetshenziswa ngokuvamile ama-cellulose ethers, afana nalokhu: i-methyl cellulose (MC), i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), i-hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC), njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-polyvinyl alcohol, i-sodium alginate, isitashi esilungisiwe, umhlaba we-diatomaceous, impushana yomhlaba engavamile, njll.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-ejenti egcina amanzi engabambezela izinga lokufakwa kwamanzi kwe-gypsum kuya kumazinga ahlukahlukene, lapho inani le-retarder lihlala lingashintshile, i-ejenti egcina amanzi ngokuvamile ingakwazi ukuhlehlisa ukusetha imizuzu engu-15-30. Ngakho-ke, inani le-retarder lingancishiswa ngokufanelekile.
Iyini isilinganiso esifanele se-ejenti yokugcina amanzi ku-gypsum powder material?
Impendulo: Ama-ejenti agcina amanzi avame ukusetshenziswa ezintweni eziyimpushana zokwakha ezifana ne-gypsum yokuplasta, i-bonding gypsum, i-caulking gypsum, ne-gypsum putty. Ngenxa yokuthi lolu hlobo lwe-gypsum luxubene ne-retarder, evimbela inqubo ye-hydration ye-hemihydrate gypsum, kuyadingeka Ukuqhuba ukwelashwa kokugcinwa kwamanzi ku-slurry ye-gypsum ukuvimbela ingxenye yamanzi e-slurry ukuthi ingadluliseli odongeni, okuholela ekusweleni kwamanzi kanye ne-hydration engaphelele lapho i-gypsum is hardened. Ukwengezwa kwe-ejenti egcina amanzi ukugcina umswakama oqukethwe ku-gypsum slurry, ukuqinisekisa ukusabela kwe-hydration ye-gypsum slurry esibonakalayo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe amandla okubopha.
Umthamo wawo ngokuvamile u-0.1% kuya ku-0.2% (i-accounting ye-gypsum), lapho i-gypsum slurry isetshenziswa ezindongeni ezimunca amanzi aqinile (njengokhonkolo ofakwe umoya, amabhodi okufakwa kwe-perlite, amabhlogo egypsum, izindonga zezitini, njll. i-ejenti idinga ukuba nkulu (ngokuvamile i-0.2% iye ku-0.5%).
Ama-ejenti agcina amanzi njenge-methyl cellulose (MC) ne-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ayancibilika kubanda, kodwa azokwenza izigaxa esigabeni sokuqala lapho encibilika ngokuqondile emanzini. I-ejenti egcina amanzi idinga ukuxutshwa ngaphambili ne-gypsum powder ukuze ihlakaze. Lungiselela ube yimpushana eyomile; engeza amanzi futhi ugovuze, ake ume imizuzu engu-5, ugovuze futhi, umphumela ungcono. Kodwa-ke, okwamanje kunemikhiqizo ye-cellulose ether engancibilika ngokuqondile emanzini, kodwa inomthelela omncane ekukhiqizeni i-powder mortar eyomile.
Ingabe i-ejenti yokuvimbela amanzi idlala kanjani umsebenzi ongenamanzi emzimbeni oqinile we-gypsum?
Impendulo: Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-ejenti okuvimbela amanzi zenza umsebenzi wazo ongenamanzi emzimbeni oqinile we-gypsum ngokusho kwezindlela ezahlukene zesenzo. Ngokuyisisekelo ingafinyezwa ngezindlela ezine ezilandelayo:
(1) Yehlisa ukuncibilika komzimba oqinile we-gypsum, wandise i-coefficient ethambisayo, futhi uguqule kancane i-calcium sulfate dihydrate ene-solubility ephezulu emzimbeni oqinile ibe usawoti we-calcium onokuncibilika kancane. Isibonelo, i-saponified synthetic fatty acid equkethe i-C7-C9 iyengezwa, futhi inani elifanele le-quicklime ne-ammonium borate liyengezwa ngesikhathi esifanayo.
(2) Khiqiza ungqimba lwefilimu olungangeni manzi ukuze uvimbele izimbotshana ze-capillary emzimbeni oqinile. Isibonelo, ukuxuba i-emulsion yepharafini, i-asphalt emulsion, i-rosin emulsion kanye ne-parafini-rosin composite emulsion, i-emulsion ehlanganisiwe ye-asphalt ethuthukisiwe, njll.
(3) Shintsha amandla angaphezulu komzimba oqinile, ukuze ama-molecule amanzi abe sesimweni sokuhlangana futhi awakwazi ukungena eziteshini ze-capillary. Isibonelo, ama-repellents ahlukahlukene e-silicone amanzi afakiwe, kufaka phakathi amafutha ahlukahlukene e-silicone emulsified.
(4) Ngokugcotshwa kwangaphandle noma ukucwiliswa ukuze uhlukanise amanzi ekucwilisweni emiseleni ye-capillary yomzimba oqinile, izinhlobonhlobo ze-silicone ezivimbela amanzi zingasetshenziswa. Ama-silicone asekelwe ku-solvent angcono kunama-silicone asekelwe emanzini, kodwa eyokuqala yenza ukungena kwegesi komzimba oqinile we-gypsum kwehlile.
Nakuba ama-ejenti ahlukene okuvimbela amanzi angasetshenziswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukungangeni kwamanzi kwezinto zokwakha ze-gypsum ngezindlela ezahlukene, i-gypsum iseyimpahla ye-gelling eqinisa umoya, engafanelekile ngaphandle noma ezindaweni ezinomswakama wesikhathi eside, futhi ifaneleka kuphela ezindaweni ezinezimo ezishintshayo ezimanzi nezomile.
Kuyini ukuguqulwa kwe-gypsum yokwakha nge-ejenti yokuvimbela amanzi?
Impendulo: Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwenza i-agent ye-gypsum yokuvimbela amanzi: enye iwukwandisa i-coefficient yokuthambisa ngokunciphisa ukuncibilika, kanti enye iwukunciphisa izinga lokumunca amanzi lezinto ze-gypsum. Futhi ukunciphisa ukumuncwa kwamanzi kungenziwa ngezici ezimbili. Enye iwukukhulisa ukuhlangana kwe-gypsum eqinile, okungukuthi, ukunciphisa ukumuncwa kwamanzi kwe-gypsum ngokunciphisa i-porosity kanye nokuqhekeka kwesakhiwo, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana kwamanzi kwe-gypsum. Okunye ukukhulisa amandla angaphezulu omzimba oqinile we-gypsum, okungukuthi, ukunciphisa ukumuncwa kwamanzi kwe-gypsum ngokwenza i-pore surface yakhe ifilimu ye-hydrophobic.
Ama-agent okuvimbela amanzi anciphisa i-porosity adlala indima ngokuvimbela ama-pores amahle we-gypsum nokwandisa ukuhlangana komzimba we-gypsum. Kunezingxube eziningi zokunciphisa i-porosity, njengokuthi: i-parafini emulsion, i-asphalt emulsion, i-rosin emulsion kanye ne-parafini asphalt composite emulsion. Lawa ma-agent okuvimbela amanzi asebenza kahle ekunciphiseni i-porosity ye-gypsum ngaphansi kwezindlela zokumisa ezifanele, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi anemiphumela emibi emikhiqizweni ye-gypsum.
Isinqamuleli samanzi esijwayelekile kakhulu esishintsha amandla angaphezulu i-silicone. Ingakwazi ukungena echwebeni lembotshana ngayinye, iguqule amandla angaphezulu phakathi kwebanga elithile lobude, futhi ngaleyo ndlela iguqule i-engeli yokuthintana namanzi, yenze ama-molecule amanzi ahlangane enze amaconsi, avimbele ukungena kwamanzi, afinyelele injongo yokuvimbela amanzi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo alondoloze ukungenwa komoya ku-plaster. Izinhlobonhlobo zalolu hlobo lwe-ejenti yokuvimbela amanzi ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa: i-sodium methyl siliconate, i-silicone resin, i-emulsified silicone oil, njll Yiqiniso, le ejenti yokuvimbela amanzi idinga ukuthi ububanzi be-pores abukwazi ukuba bukhulu kakhulu, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo abukwazi ukumelana nokungenwa kwamanzi okucindezela, futhi ayikwazi ngokuyisisekelo ukuxazulula izinkinga zesikhathi eside ezingenamanzi kanye nomswakama wemikhiqizo ye-gypsum.
Abacwaningi basekhaya basebenzisa indlela yokuhlanganisa izinto eziphilayo kanye nezinto ezingaphili, okungukuthi, ngokusekelwe ku-organic emulsion waterproofing agent etholwe yi-co-emulsification ye-polyvinyl alcohol ne-stearic acid, nokwengeza itshe le-alum, i-naphthalenesulfonate aldehyde condensate Uhlobo olusha lwe-gypsum composite ejenti yokuvimbela amanzi i-agent ehlanganisiwe yokuvimbela amanzi yenziwa ngokufaka usawoti. I-ejenti yokuvimbela amanzi ehlanganisiwe ye-gypsum ingaxutshwa ngokuqondile ne-gypsum namanzi, ibambe iqhaza kwinqubo ye-crystallization ye-gypsum, futhi ithole umphumela ongcono wokuvimbela amanzi.
Uyini umphumela ovimbelayo we-ejenti yokuvikela amanzi ye-silane ku-efflorescence ku-gypsum mortar?
Impendulo: (1) Ukwengezwa kwe-ejenti yokuvimbela amanzi ye-silane kunganciphisa kakhulu izinga le-efflorescence ye-gypsum mortar, futhi izinga lokuvinjelwa kwe-efflorescence ye-gypsum mortar likhuphuka ngokwanda kokwengezwa kwe-silane phakathi kwebanga elithile. Umthelela ovimbelayo we-silane ku-0.4% we-silane muhle, futhi umphumela wayo ovimbelayo uvame ukuzinza lapho inani leqa leli nani.
(2) Ukwengezwa kwe-silane akugcini nje kwakha ungqimba lwe-hydrophobic ebusweni bodaka ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungena kwamanzi angaphandle, kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukufuduka kwe-lye yangaphakathi ukuze kwenziwe i-efflorescence, okuthuthukisa kakhulu umphumela wokuvimbela we-efflorescence.
(3) Nakuba ukwengezwa kwe-silane kuvimbela ngokuphawulekayo ukuqhakaza kwe-efflorescence, akunawo umthelela omubi ezintweni zokwakha ze-gypsum mortar yomkhiqizo wezimboni, futhi akuthinti ukwakheka kwesakhiwo sangaphakathi kanye namandla okuthwala okugcina wezinto zokwakha ze-gypsum ezixubene nemikhiqizo yezimboni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-22-2022