I-methylcellulose (MC)
Ifomula ye-molecular ye-methylcellulose (MC) yile:
[C6h7o2 (oh) 3-H (OCH3) N \] x
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ukwenza i-cellulose ether ngochungechunge lokuphendula ngemuva kokuthi ukotini ocwengekile aphathwa nge-alkali, futhi i-methyl chloride isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokuthezeka. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokufaka esikhundleni ngu-1.6 ~ 2.0, kanye ne-solubility futhi kwehlukile ngama-degree ahlukene wokufaka esikhundleni. Ingeye-ether engeyona eye-moulsose.
I-methylcellulose incane emanzi abandayo, futhi kuzoba nzima ukuncibilikisa emanzini ashisayo. Isixazululo sayo esinamanzi sizinzile kakhulu ebangeni le-PH = 3 ~ 12.
Inokuhambisana okuhle nesitashi, isiGungu seGum, njll. Futhi ama-surfactants amaningi. Lapho izinga lokushisa lifinyelela izinga lokushisa le-gelation, kwenzeka.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-methylcellose kuncike kwinani layo lezengezo, i-viscosity, izinhlayiyana zezinhlayiyakazi kanye nezinga lokuchithwa.
Ngokuvamile, uma inani lokungeza likhulu, ubuciko buncane, futhi i-viscoty inkulu, inani lokugcina lamanzi liphezulu. Phakathi kwazo, inani lesengezo linomthelela omkhulu kunabo bonke emazingeni okugcinwa kwamanzi, futhi izinga lokubonana alifani ngqo nezinga lamazinga okugcina amanzi. Izinga lokuchithwa ikakhulukazi lincike ezingeni lokuguqulwa komhlaba kwezinhlayiya ze-celluLose kanye nezinhlayiyane izinhlayiyana.
Phakathi kwalezi zithambekela ezingenhla kwe-cellulose, i-methyl cellulose ne-hydroxyprosell methyl cellulose zinamazinga aphezulu okugcina amanzi.
I-Carboxymethylcellellulose (CMC)
I-Carboxymethyl Cellulose, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, eyaziwa ngokuthi iselula, i-CMC, njll. Izinto zokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali.
Isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini ye-deteggent, embonini yokudla kanye noketshezi lokudonsa insimu kawoyela, kanye nenani elisetshenziswe kuma-cosmetics kuphela ama-akhawunti acishe abe ngu-1%.
I-ionic cellulose ether yenziwa kusuka kumicu yemvelo (ukotini, njll.) Ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-alkali, kusetshenziswa i-sodium monochloroetate njenge-ejenti yeshevitha, futhi ibhekana nochungechunge lwezinto zokwelashwa.
Izinga lokufaka esikhundleni ngokuvamile lingu-0.4 ~ 1.4, futhi ukusebenza kwalo kuthinteka kakhulu ngezinga lokufaka esikhundleni.
I-CMC inekhono elihle kakhulu lokubopha, futhi isixazululo saso samanzi sinekhono lokumisa kahle, kepha alikho inani langempela le-defform deformation.
Lapho i-CMC inciphisa, ukugcinwa kwe-depolymerization kwenzeka. I-viscosity iqala ukukhuphuka ngesikhathi sokuchithwa, idlula ngaphezulu, bese yehlela ethafeni. I-viscosity ephumela ihlobene ne-depolymerization.
Izinga le-depolymerization lihlobene kakhulu nenani le-solvent empofu (amanzi) ekwakhekeni. Ohlelweni olumpofu lwe-solvent, njengokuhlanza izinyo okuqukethe i-glycerin namanzi, i-CMC ngeke ihlehlise ngokuphelele futhi izofinyelela endaweni yokulingana.
Endabeni yokuhlushwa kwamanzi okunikeziwe, i-CMC ethatha indawo eningi ebekelwe indawo ye-Drydmophilic kulula kakhulu ukwehlisa i-CMC ephansi esikhundleni.
I-HydroxYethylcellulose (HEC)
I-HEC yenziwa ngokwelapha ukotini ocwengekile nge-Alkali, bese uphendula nge-Ethylene oxide njenge-ejenti yokuthembela phambi kwe-acetone. Izinga lokufaka esikhundleni ngokuvamile kungu-1.5 ~ 2.0. Ine-hydrophilicity eqinile futhi kulula ukumunca umswakama.
I-Hydroxyyethyl celtulose iyancibilika emanzini abandayo, kepha kunzima ukuncibilikisa emanzini ashisayo. Isixazululo saso sizinzile ngokushisa okuphezulu ngaphandle kokugoba.
Kuzinzile kuma-acid ajwayelekile nezisekelo. I-Alkalalis ingasheshisa ukuchithwa kwayo futhi yandise kancane ukubonwa kwayo. Ukungafani kwalo emanzini kubi kakhulu kunalokho kwe-methyl cellulose ne-hydroxypropylyly methyl cellulose.
I-Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC)
Ifomula ye-molecular ye-HPMC yile:
\ [C6h7o2 (oh) 3-MN (OCH3) m, OCH2CH (OH) CH3 \] N \] x
I-Hydroxypropylykyl methylcellulose yinhlobonhlobo ye-cellulose ikhuphuka ukuphuma nokusetshenziswa kwayo kwanda ngokushesha.
Kuyinto engekho-cellulose e-ether exubile eyenziwe kusuka kukotoni ecwengekile ngemuva kwe-alkalization, esebenzisa i-propelene oxide kanye ne-methyl chloride njenge-ejenti yokusheshisa, ngochungechunge lokuphendula. Izinga lokufakwa esikhundleni ngokuvamile i-1.2 ~ 2.0.
Izakhiwo zalo zihlukile ngenxa yezilinganiso ezihlukile zokuqukethwe kwe-methoxyl nokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl.
I-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose kalula incibilika emanzini abandayo, kepha izohlangana nobunzima ekunciphiseni emanzini ashisayo. Kepha izinga lokushisa layo le-gelation emanzini ashisayo liphakeme kakhulu kunalelo ye-methyl cellulose. I-solubity emanzini abandayo nayo yathuthukiswa kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa ne-methyl cellulose.
I-viscoxyprosilypropyllylylyl methylcellulose ihlobene nesisindo sayo samangqamuzana, futhi kukhudlwana isisindo molecular, kuphakama okubonakalayo. Ukushisa futhi kuthinta ukubonakala kwayo, njengoba izinga lokushisa liyanda, ukuhlakanipha kuyancipha. Kodwa-ke, i-viscosity yayo ephezulu inomphumela ophansi wokushisa kune-methyl cellulose. Isixazululo saso sizinzile lapho zigcinwa emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-hydroxypropyllllylylylylyllel kuncike kwinani layo lokungezwa, ukubonakala, njll.
I-Hydroxypropyllylylylyll iqinile ku-acid ne-alkali, kanti isixazululo sayo esinamanzi sizinzile kakhulu ebusweni bakwa-PH = 2 ~ 12. Amanzi e-caustic kanye nama-lime anomthelela omncane ekusebenzeni kwawo, kepha u-Alkali angasheshisa ukuchitheka kwawo futhi akhuphule ukubonakala kwawo.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is stable to common salts, but when the concentration of salt solution is high, the viscosity of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose solution tends to increase.
I-Hydroxypropyll methylcellulose ingahlanganiswa namakhompiyutha angenamanzi ama-polymer ukwakha umfaniswano nesixazululo esiphakeme esiphakeme. Njengotshwala be-polyvinyl, isitashi ether, gum yemifino, njll.
I-Hydroxypropyllykyl methylcellulose inokuphikiswa okungcono kwe-enzyme kune-methylcellulose, futhi isixazululo saso mancane amathuba okuthi sihlazeke nge-methylcellulose
Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-14-2023