Ngokuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kwemboni kanye nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, ngokwethulwa kanye nokwenza ngcono kwemishini yokufafaza udaka lwangaphandle, ubuchwepheshe bokufutha ngemishini nokuplasta sebuthuthukiswe kakhulu ezweni lami eminyakeni yamuva nje. Udaka lokufafaza ngomshini luhlukile kudaka olujwayelekile, oludinga ukusebenza okuphezulu kokugcinwa kwamanzi, uketshezi olufanele kanye nokusebenza okuthile kokulwa nokuncipha. Ngokuvamile, i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yengezwa odakeni, lapho i-cellulose Ether (HPMC) isetshenziswa kakhulu. Imisebenzi esemqoka ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC odakeni yilena: ukujiya kanye ne-viscosifying, ukulungisa i-rheology, kanye nomthamo omuhle kakhulu wokugcina amanzi. Nokho, ukushiyeka kwe-HPMC akunakuzitshwa. I-HPMC inomphumela wokungenisa umoya, okuzodala ukukhubazeka okwengeziwe kwangaphakathi futhi kunciphise kakhulu izakhiwo zemishini zodaka. I-Shandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. ifunde umthelela we-HPMC ngezinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi, ukuminyana, okuqukethwe komoya kanye nezakhiwo eziwumshini zodaka oluvela esicini se-macroscopic, futhi yafunda umthelela we-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC esakhiweni se-L sodaka kusuka. isici se-microscopic. .
1. Hlola
1.1 Izinto ezisetshenziswayo
Usimende: usimende otholakala kwezohwebo we-P.0 42.5, amandla ayo angu-28d okuguquguquka kanye nokucindezela angu-6.9 no-48.2 MPa ngokulandelanayo; isihlabathi: Isihlabathi somfula i-Chengde, i-40-100 mesh; i-cellulose ether: ekhiqizwa yi-Shandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, impushana emhlophe, i-viscosity ebizwa ngokuthi i-40, i-100, i-150, i-200 Pa-s; amanzi: amanzi kampompi ahlanzekile.
1.2 Indlela yokuhlola
Ngokusho kwe-JGJ/T 105-2011 "Imithetho Yokwakhiwa Kwemishini Yokufutha Nokunamathisela", ukuhambisana kodaka kungu-80-120 mm, futhi izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi likhulu kune-90%. Kulesi sivivinyo, isilinganiso se-lime-sand sabekwa ku-1: 5, ukuvumelana kwalawulwa ku-(93 + 2) mm, futhi i-cellulose ether yahlanganiswa ngaphandle, futhi inani lokuxuba lalisekelwe esilinganisweni sikasimende. Izakhiwo eziyisisekelo zodaka ezifana nokuminyana okumanzi, okuqukethwe komoya, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, nokungaguquguquki kuyahlolwa ngokubhekisela ku-JGJ 70-2009 “Izindlela Zokuhlola Zezakhiwo Eziyisisekelo Zodaka Lokwakha”, futhi okuqukethwe komoya kuyahlolwa futhi kubalwe ngokuya ngokuminyana. indlela. Ukulungiswa, ukuguquguquka kanye nokuhlolwa kwamandla okucindezelwa kwezibonelo kwenziwa ngokusho kwe-GB/T 17671-1999 “Izindlela Zokuhlola Amandla Esanti Sesimende Sodaka (Indlela Ye-ISO)”. Ububanzi bezibungu bulinganiswa nge-mercury porosimetry. Imodeli ye-mercury porosimeter yayingu-AUTOPORE 9500, futhi ububanzi bokulinganisa babungu-5.5 nm-360 μm. Isamba samasethi angu-4 okuhlola enziwe. Isilinganiso sikasimende nesihlabathi sasingu-1:5, i-viscosity ye-HPMC yayingu-100 Pa-s, kanye nomthamo 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% (izinombolo zingu-A, B, C, D ngokulandelana).
2. Imiphumela kanye nokuhlaziya
2.1 Umthelela we-HPMC emazingeni okugcinwa kwamanzi odaka lukasimende
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kubhekisela emandleni odaka ukubamba amanzi. Odakeni olufuthwe ngomshini, ukwengeza i-cellulose ether kungagcina amanzi ngokuphumelelayo, kunciphise izinga lokopha, futhi kuhlangabezane nezidingo zokugeleza okugcwele kwezinto ezisekelwe kusimende. Umthelela we-HPMC ekugcinweni kwamanzi odaka.
Ngokukhula kokuqukethwe kwe-HPMC, izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi odaka likhuphuka kancane kancane. Amajika e-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether ane-viscosities ye-100, 150 kanye ne-200 Pa.s ayafana ngokuyisisekelo. Uma okuqukethwe kungu-0.05% -0.15%, izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi likhuphuka ngokulinganayo, futhi lapho okuqukethwe kungu-0.15%, izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi likhulu kuno-93%. ; Uma inani legrits lidlula u-0.20%, inkambiso ekhulayo yezinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi iba isicaba, okubonisa ukuthi inani le-HPMC seliseduze nokugcwala. Ijika elinomthelela yenani le-HPMC eline-viscosity engu-40 Pa.s esilinganisweni sokugcinwa kwamanzi cishe liwumugqa oqondile. Uma inani likhulu kuno-0.15%, izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi odaka liphansi kakhulu kunelezinye izinhlobo ezintathu ze-HPMC ezinenani elifanayo le-viscosity. Ngokuvamile kunenkolelo yokuthi indlela yokugcina amanzi ye-cellulose ether yile: iqembu le-hydroxyl ku-molecule ye-cellulose ether kanye ne-athomu yomoya-mpilo ku-ether bond izohlotshaniswa ne-molecule yamanzi ukuze yakhe isibopho se-hydrogen, ukuze amanzi amahhala abe amanzi abophekile. , ngaleyo ndlela idlala umphumela omuhle wokugcina amanzi; Kuphinde kukholakala ukuthi ukuxubana phakathi kwama-molecule amanzi namaketanga e-cellulose ether yamangqamuzana kuvumela ama-molecule amanzi ukuthi angene ngaphakathi kwamaketanga e-cellulose ether macromolecular futhi abe ngaphansi kwamandla okubopha aqinile, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-slurry kasimende. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi okuhle kakhulu kungagcina udaka lufana, akulula ukulihlukanisa, futhi uthole ukusebenza kahle kokuxubana, kuyilapho kunciphisa ukuguga komshini futhi kukhulisa impilo yomshini wokufafaza udaka.
2.2 Umthelela we-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC kubuningi kanye nokuqukethwe komoya kudaka lukasimende
Lapho inani le-HPMC liyi-0-0.20%, ukuminyana kodaka kuncipha kakhulu ngokunyuka kwenani le-HPMC, lisuka ku-2050 kg/m3 liye cishe ku-1650kg/m3, okungaba ngu-20% ngaphansi; lapho inani le-HPMC lidlula u-0.20%, ukuminyana kuyehla. ngokuzola. Ukuqhathanisa izinhlobo ezi-4 ze-HPMC ezinama-viscosity ahlukene, ukuphakama kwe-viscosity, kwehla ukuminyana kodaka; amajika okuminyana ama-mortar ane-viscosities exubile ye-150 kanye ne-200 Pa.s HPMC ngokuyisisekelo ayagqagqana, okubonisa ukuthi njengoba i-viscosity ye-HPMC iqhubeka nokwanda, Ukuminyana akusanciphi.
Umthetho wokushintsha wokuqukethwe komoya wodaka uphambene nokushintsha kokuminyana kodaka. Lapho okuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC kungu-0-0.20%, ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-HPMC, okuqukethwe komoya wodaka kukhula cishe ngokulinganayo; okuqukethwe kwe-HPMC kudlula Ngemva kuka-0.20%, okuqukethwe komoya akushintshi neze, okubonisa ukuthi umphumela wokungenisa umoya wodaka useduze nokugcwala. Umphumela wokungenisa umoya we-HPMC nge-viscosity ye-150 kanye ne-200 Pa.s mkhulu kunowe-HPMC ene-viscosity ye-40 kanye ne-100 Pa.s.
Umphumela wokungenisa umoya we-cellulose ether unqunywa ngokuyinhloko ukwakheka kwawo kwamangqamuzana. I-Cellulose ether inawo womabili amaqembu e-hydrophilic (i-hydroxyl, i-ether) kanye namaqembu e-hydrophobic (i-methyl, iringi ye-glucose), futhi iyi-surfactant. , inomsebenzi ongaphezulu, ngaleyo ndlela ibe nomthelela wokungenisa umoya. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, igesi eyethulwe ingasebenza njengebhola elithwala odakeni, ithuthukise ukusebenza kodaka, ikhulise ivolumu, futhi ikhulise okukhiphayo, okuzuzisa umenzi. Kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, umphumela wokungenisa umoya ukhulisa okuqukethwe komoya kodaka kanye ne-porosity ngemva kokuqina, okuholela ekwandeni kwama-pores ayingozi futhi kunciphise kakhulu izakhiwo zemishini. Nakuba i-HPMC inomphumela othile wokungenisa umoya, ayikwazi ukumiselela i-ejenti yokungenisa umoya. Ukwengeza, lapho i-HPMC kanye ne-ejenti yokungenisa umoya kusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-ejenti yokungenisa umoya ingase yehluleke.
2.3 Umthelela we-HPMC ezicini zemishini zodaka lukasimende
Lapho inani le-HPMC liyi-0.05% kuphela, amandla okuguquguquka odaka ehla kakhulu, cishe aphansi ngo-25% kunalawo esampula elingenalutho ngaphandle kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, futhi amandla okucindezela angafinyelela kuphela ku-65% yesampula engenalutho - 80%. Uma inani le-HPMC lidlula u-0.20%, ukwehla kwamandla aguquguqukayo namandla okucindezela odaka akubonakali. I-viscosity ye-HPMC inomphumela omncane kuzakhiwo zemishini zodaka. I-HPMC yethula amabhamuza omoya amaningi amancane, futhi umphumela wokungenisa umoya odakeni ukhuphula i-porosity yangaphakathi nezimbotshana eziyingozi zodaka, okuholela ekwehleni okukhulu kwamandla okucindezela namandla okuguquguquka. Esinye isizathu sokuncipha kwamandla odaka umphumela wokugcina amanzi we-cellulose ether, ogcina amanzi odaka oluqinile, futhi isilinganiso esikhulu se-water-binder siholela ekwehleni kwamandla ebhulokhi yokuhlola. Ngodaka lokwakhiwa kwemishini, nakuba i-cellulose ether ingakhuphula ngokuphawulekayo izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi odaka futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kwayo, uma umthamo mkhulu kakhulu, izothinta kakhulu izakhiwo zemishini yodaka, ngakho ubudlelwano phakathi kwalokhu kokubili kufanele kukalwe ngokunengqondo.
Ngokukhula kokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, isilinganiso sokugoqa sodaka sibonise umkhuba owandayo, ngokuyisisekelo obekuwubudlelwano bomugqa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-ether ye-cellulose eyengeziwe yethula inani elikhulu lama-bubbles omoya, okubangela ukukhubazeka okwengeziwe ngaphakathi kodaka, futhi amandla acindezelayo we-guide rose mortar ayancipha kakhulu, nakuba amandla e-flexural nawo ehla ngezinga elithile; kodwa i-cellulose ether ingathuthukisa ukuguquguquka kodaka, Inenzuzo emandleni aguquguqukayo, okwenza izinga lokuncipha lihambe kancane. Uma kucatshangelwa kabanzi, umphumela ohlangene walokhu okubili uholela ekwandeni kwesilinganiso sokugoqa.
2.4 Umthelela we-HPMC kububanzi be-L bodaka
Kusukela ejikeni lokusabalalisa usayizi wezimbotshana, idatha yokusabalalisa usayizi wembotshana kanye nemingcele yezibalo ehlukahlukene yamasampula e-AD, kungabonakala ukuthi i-HPMC inomthelela omkhulu esakhiweni sezimbotshana zodaka lukasimende:
(1) Ngemva kokwengeza i-HPMC, ubukhulu bembotshana yodaka lukasimende bukhula kakhulu. Ejini lokusabalalisa usayizi wezimbotshana, indawo yesithombe iya kwesokudla, futhi inani lembotshana elihambisana nenani eliphakeme liba likhulu. Ngemva kokwengeza i-HPMC, ububanzi bembotshana obumaphakathi bodaka lukasimende bukhulu kakhulu kunalelo lesampula elingenalutho, futhi ububanzi bembotshana obumaphakathi besampula obunomthamo ongu-0.3% bukhuphuka ngama-oda angu-2 wobukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nesampula elingenalutho.
(2) Hlukanisa ama-pores kukhonkolo abe yizinhlobo ezine, okuyizimbotshana ezingenabungozi (≤20 nm), izimbotshana eziyingozi (20-100 nm), izimbotshana eziyingozi (100-200 nm) kanye nezimbotshana eziningi eziyingozi (≥200 nm). Kungabonakala kuThebula 1 ukuthi inani lezimbobo ezingenabungozi noma izimbobo ezingalimazi liyancipha kakhulu ngemva kokwengeza i-HPMC, futhi inani lezimbobo eziyingozi noma izimbobo eziyingozi liyakhula. Izimbotshana ezingenabungozi noma izimbotshana ezingalimazi kangako zamasampuli ezingaxutshanisiwe ne-HPMC cishe zingama-49.4%. Ngemuva kokwengeza i-HPMC, izimbotshana ezingenabungozi noma izimbotshana ezingalimazi ziyancipha kakhulu. Ukuthatha umthamo we-0.1% njengesibonelo, ama-pores angenabungozi noma ama-pores angenabungozi ancishiswa cishe ngama-45%. %, inani lezimbobo eziyingozi ezinkulu kuno-10um lenyuke cishe izikhathi eziyisi-9.
(3) Ububanzi bembotshana obumaphakathi, ububanzi bembotshana obumaphakathi, ivolumu yembotshana ethile kanye nendawo ethile engaphezulu akulandeli umthetho oqinile wokushintsha ngokunyuka kokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, okungase kuhlobane nokukhethwa kwesampula ekuhlolweni komjovo we-mercury. okuhlobene nokuhlakazeka okukhulu. Kodwa sekukonke, i-median pore diameter, i-avareji yobubanzi bembotshana kanye nevolumu yembotshana ethile yesampula exutshwe ne-HPMC ivame ukukhula uma iqhathaniswa nesampula engenalutho, kuyilapho indawo ethile iyancipha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-03-2023