Ayini ama-Admixtures futhi Yiziphi Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Zokuhlanganiswa?

Ama-Admixtures iqoqo lezinto ezingezwe kukhonkolo, udaka, noma i-grout ngesikhathi sokuxutshwa ukuze kulungiswe izakhiwo zazo noma kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwazo. Lezi zinto zihlukile ezingxenyeni eziyinhloko zikakhonkolo (usimende, ama-aggregates, amanzi) futhi zisetshenziswa ngamanani amancane ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela ethile oyifunayo. Ama-Admixtures angashintsha izici ezihlukahlukene zikakhonkolo, okuhlanganisa ukusebenza, isikhathi sokusetha, amandla, ukuqina, nokumelana nezinto zemvelo. Banikeza ukuguquguquka ekwakhiweni kwengxube kakhonkolo, okuvumela onjiniyela nabakhi ukuthi bathunge ukwakheka kukakhonkolo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile zephrojekthi. Nazi izinhlobo ezahlukene zezingxube ezivame ukusetshenziswa ekwakheni:

1. Izithako Ezinciphisa Amanzi (Ama-Plasticizer noma ama-Superplasticizers):

• Izixube ezinciphisa amanzi ziyizithasiselo ezinciphisa okuqukethwe kwamanzi okudingekayo ekwehleni okuthile kukakhonkolo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwawo. Bathuthukisa ukugeleza nokusebenza kwezingxube zikakhonkolo, okuvumela ukubekwa nokubumbana kalula. Ama-Plasticizer avame ukusetshenziswa kukhonkolo ngezikhathi zokumisa ezijwayelekile, kuyilapho ama-superplasticizer asetshenziswa kukhonkolo adinga izikhathi zokumisa ezinwetshiwe.

2. Izixube ezihlehliswayo:

• Izixube ezihlehliswayo zibambezela isikhathi sokusetha sikakhonkolo, udaka, noma i-grout, okuvumela ukusebenza isikhathi eside nesikhathi sokubeka. Ziwusizo ikakhulukazi esimweni sezulu esishisayo noma kumaphrojekthi amakhulu lapho ukubambezeleka kwezokuthutha, ukubekwa, noma ukuqedwa kulindeleke.

3. Ukusheshisa Okuxubile:

• Izixube ezisheshayo zikhuphula izinga lokusetha kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamandla okuqala kakhonkolo, udaka, noma i-grout, okuvumela inqubekelaphambili yokwakha esheshayo kanye nokususwa kwefomu lokuqala. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezimweni zezulu ezibandayo noma lapho kudingeka ukuzuza amandla ngokushesha.

4. I-Air-Entraining Admixtures:

• Izingxube ezifaka umoya zingenisa amabhamuza omoya amancane abe ukhonkolo noma udaka, athuthukise ukumelana kwawo nemijikelezo yokuncibilika, ukukala, nokuhuzuka. Bathuthukisa ukusebenza nokuqina kukakhonkolo ezimweni zezulu ezinzima futhi banciphisa ingozi yokulimala ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa.

5. Ukunciphisa Ukuhlanganiswa Kwe-Air-Entraining:

• Ingxubevange yokungenisa umoya ehlehlisayo ihlanganisa izici zokuhlehlisa kanye nezixube zokungenisa umoya, ibambezela isikhathi sokumisa sikakhonkolo ngenkathi iphinde ifaka umoya ukuze uthuthukise ukumelana kwawo nokuncibilika. Avame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezibandayo noma ukhonkolo ovezwe emijikelezweni yokuqandisa nokuncibilika.

6. Izingxube Ezivimbela Ukugqwala:

• Izingxube ezivimbela ukugqwala zivikela ukuqinisa kwensimbi okugxilile kukhonkolo ekugqwaleni okubangelwa ukuchayeka kumswakama, ama-chlorides, noma ezinye izinto ezinolaka. Bandisa impilo yesevisi yezakhiwo zikakhonkolo futhi banciphise izindleko zokulungisa nokulungisa.

7. Inhlanganisela Enciphisa Ukuncipha:

• Izixube ezinciphisa ukushwabana zinciphisa ukomisa ukushwabana kukhonkolo, kunciphisa ubungozi bokuqhekeka nokuthuthukisa ukuqina kwesikhathi eside. Ziwusizo ekubekweni kukakhonkolo okukhulu, izakhi ze-precast, nezingxube zikakhonkolo ezisebenza kahle.

8. Izixube Zokuvimbela Amanzi:

• Izixube zokuvikela amanzi zithuthukisa ukungagxili kukakhonkolo, kunciphisa ukungena kwamanzi futhi kuvimbele izindaba eziphathelene nomswakama ezifana ne-efflorescence, umswakama, nokugqwala. Avame ukusetshenziswa ezakhiweni ezingaphansi kwebanga, amagumbi angaphansi, imigudu, nezakhiwo ezigcina amanzi.

9. Inhlanganisela Yokufaka Umbala:

• Izingxube zombala zengezwa kukhonkolo ukunikeza umbala noma ukufeza imiphumela yokuhlobisa. Ziza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-pigment, amabala, odayi, nama-tinted sealers, okuvumela ukwenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo izindawo ezikhonkolo ukuze zihambisane nezidingo zedizayini.

10. I-Rheology-Modifying Admixtures:

• Izingxube ezilungisa i-Rheology zishintsha ukugeleza nezici ze-rheological zikakhonkolo, udaka, noma i-grout ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza, ukudonsa, noma ukulawula i-viscosity. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ekuzihlanganiseni kokhonkolo, i-shotcrete, nezingxube zikakhonkolo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.

Lezi ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko zezingxube ezisetshenziswa ekwakheni, ngayinye inikezela ngezinzuzo ezithile kanye nezicelo zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza okuphathekayo nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zephrojekthi. Kubalulekile ukukhetha nokuhlanganisa izixube ezifanele ngokusekelwe ekucacisweni kwephrojekthi, izimo zemvelo, kanye nemibandela yokusebenza.