Izihlanzi eziwuketshezi ziwuhlobo olujwayelekile lomkhiqizo osetshenziswa ekuhlanzeni indlu. Zisekelwe emanzini futhi zingasusa ngempumelelo ukungcola, amafutha nokunye ukungcola. Ukuze uthuthukise ulwazi lwabo lokusebenzisa, ngokuvamile badinga ukulungiswa ku-viscosity efanele. I-viscosity ye-detergent akufanele ibe phansi kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho izogeleza ngokushesha, okwenza kube nzima ukulawula inani, futhi izozizwa "incane" lapho isetshenziswa; kodwa akufanele kube phezulu kakhulu, njengoba kungase kube viscous kakhulu futhi kube nzima ukusabalalisa nokuhlanza. Ngakho-ke ama-thickeners abe esinye sezithako ezibalulekile ekwakhiweni kokuhlanza okoketshezi.
1. I-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)
I-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose iwugqinsi osetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zokuhlanza. Kuyi-derivative cellulose encibilika emanzini engakhuphula ngempumelelo i-viscosity yoketshezi. I-CMC inezinzuzo ezilandelayo:
Ukunyibilika okuhle kwamanzi: I-CMC ingancibilika ngokushesha emanzini futhi yakhe isixazululo esilinganayo, esisobala esixazululweni esinamanzi.
Imnene futhi ayicunuli: I-CMC iwumsebenzi we-polymer osuselwe ngokwemvelo ongenayo imiphumela eyingozi esikhumbeni noma endaweni ezungezile, ehlangabezana nezidingo zabathengi besimanje ukuze kuvikelwe imvelo nempilo.
Ukuhambisana okuhle: I-CMC ihambisana kahle nezinye izithako kumafomula okokuhlanza, ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezifana nokuhlukaniswa noma ukubola, futhi ngeke kuthinte umphumela wokuwasha.
2. Xanthan gum
I-Xanthan gum iyinhlanganisela yemvelo ye-polysaccharide ekhiqizwa ukuvutshelwa kwebhaktheriya, evame ukusetshenziswa ekudleni, izimonyo kanye nezihlanzi. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-xanthan gum ku-detergents kunezici ezilandelayo:
Umphumela omuhle kakhulu wokuqina: Ngisho nangenani eliphansi lokwengeza, i-xanthan gum ingakhuphula kakhulu i-viscosity yoketshezi.
Ukusebenza kwe-anti-shear dilution: I-Xanthan gum inezindawo ezinhle zokuhlanjululwa kwe-shear. Uma inyakaziswa noma incishiwe, i-viscosity ye-detergent izokwehla okwesikhashana, ekulungele ukusatshalaliswa nokusetshenziswa; kodwa i-viscosity ingabuyiselwa ngokushesha ngemva kokusetshenziswa ukugwema uketshezi ngokweqile.
Ukumelana nezinga lokushisa okuqinile: I-Xanthan gum ingahlala izinzile emazingeni okushisa aphezulu noma aphansi, ayijwayele ukuwohloka noma ukuncishiswa kwe-viscosity, futhi iyi-thickener esasebenza kahle ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu.
3. Ama-polyacrylate thickeners
Ama-polyacrylate thickeners (afana ne-Carbomer) ayizinto zokwenziwa ze-polymer ezinekhono eliqine kakhulu lokujiya, ezilungele ukuqina izihlanzi ezibonisa ngale. Izici zayo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:
Ukucaca okuphezulu: I-Polyacrylate ingakha izixazululo ezicace kakhulu, ikwenze kube ukukhetha okuhle kokuqina kwezihlanzi ezibonisa ngale.
Amandla okuqina asebenzayo: I-Polyacrylate ingafinyelela imiphumela ebalulekile yokuqina ezindaweni eziphansi futhi inokulawula okunembe kakhulu phezu kwe-viscosity.
Ukuncika kwe-pH: Umphumela wokujiya wale nto yokujiyisa uhlobene eduze nenani le-pH lesixazululo, futhi ngokuvamile usebenza kangcono kakhulu ngaphansi kwezimo ezibuthakathaka ze-alkaline, ngakho-ke i-pH yefomula idinga ukulungiswa uma isetshenziselwa ukuthola umphumela ongcono kakhulu.
4. Izithako zikasawoti
Usawoti (ofana ne-sodium chloride, i-sodium sulfate, njll.) nawo ayizikhukhula ezivamile ezihlahleni eziwuketshezi, ikakhulukazi ezintweni zokuhlanza eziqukethe izinto ezifakwa emanzini. Umgomo wayo wokusebenza uwukushintsha ukuhlelwa kwama-molecule aphuma ngaphandle ngokulungisa amandla e-ionic ohlelo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte i-viscosity. Izinzuzo zama-salt thickeners zihlanganisa:
Izindleko eziphansi: Izithako zokuqinisa usawoti zishibhile futhi kulula ukuzithola, ngakho zinezinzuzo zezindleko ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi.
Umthelela we-Synergistic ngama-surfactants: Izithako zikasawoti zingathuthukisa ngempumelelo i-viscosity yesistimu kumafomula anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-surfactant.
Uhlu olubanzi lokusetshenziswa: Le ndlela yokuqina isetshenziswa ezihlahleni eziningi ezithengiswayo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokuhlanza ezimbonini.
Nokho, ukusetshenziswa kwezithako zikasawoti nakho kunemikhawulo ethile. Isibonelo, inani elingeziwe akumele libe liningi kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho lingase libangele ukuncibilika komshini wokuhlanza wehle noma ngisho nemvula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunemba kokulungiswa kwe-viscosity kwezingqimba zikasawoti akukuhle njengamanye ama-thickeners.
5. Utshwala obunamafutha e-ethoxylated (njenge-sodium C12-14 alcohol ether sulfate)
Ngaphezu komsebenzi wayo oyinhloko wokuhlanza, ama-ethoxylated fatty alcohol surfactants nawo anomphumela othile wokujiya. Ngokulungisa isilinganiso salawa ma-surfactants, umphumela othile wokuqina ungafinyelelwa. Izinzuzo zayo yilezi:
I-Versatility: Lolu hlobo lwe-surfactant alukwazi nje ukudlala indima yokuqina, kodwa futhi luthuthukise ukuhlanzeka kwezihlanzi.
Ukuhambisana kahle nezinye izithako: Utshwala obunamafutha e-ethoxylated buhambisana nama-surfactants avamile, ama-flavour, ama-pigments nezinye izithako, futhi ngeke kuthinte ukusebenza komkhiqizo wokugcina.
Yehlisa isidingo samanye ama-thickeners: Njengoba inokubili imisebenzi yokuhlanza nokujiya, ukusetshenziswa kwama-thickeners ahlanzekile kungancishiswa kufomula, ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe izindleko.
6. Acrylate copolymers
Ama-acrylate copolymers ayikilasi lama-synthetic polymer thickeners avame ukusetshenziswa ezihlahleni eziphezulu noma ezisebenza ngokukhethekile. Izici zabo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:
Ukulawulwa kwe-viscosity okunembile: Ngokulungisa ukwakheka kwe-copolymer, i-viscosity yomkhiqizo ingalawulwa ngokunembile ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela oyifunayo.
Ukuzinza okuhle: Le thickener inokuzinza okuhle kwamakhemikhali nomzimba futhi ingagcina i-viscosity enhle emazingeni okushisa ahlukahlukene, amanani we-pH kanye nezinhlelo ze-surfactant.
Akulula ukudelela: Izingqimba ze-acrylate copolymer zikhombisa ikhono elihle lokulwa ne-delamination kuzihlanzi eziwuketshezi, eziqinisekisa ukuzinza komkhiqizo ekugcinweni kwesikhathi eside.
Ukukhethwa kwe-thickener kuzihlanzi eziwuketshezi kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lwe-surfactant kufomula, izidingo zokubonisa ngale, ukulawulwa kwezindleko nolwazi lomsebenzisi. I-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose kanye ne-xanthan gum kuvame ukukhetha okuhle ezintweni zokuhlanza ezivamile zasendlini ngenxa yokuncibilika kahle kwamanzi, ubumnene kanye nomphumela wokujiya. Okokuhlanza okusobala, ama-polyacrylate thickeners ayakhethwa. Izithako zikasawoti zinezinzuzo zezindleko futhi zifanele ukukhiqizwa okukhulu kwezihlanzi zezimboni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-18-2024