Iyiphi ingxenye yekotini ekhiqiza i-cellulose emsulwa?

Isingeniso kukotini ne-cellulose

Ukotini, i-fiber yemvelo ethathwe esitshalweni sekotini, ngokuyinhloko yakhiwa nge-cellulose. I-Cellulose, i-carbohydrate eyinkimbinkimbi, iyisifunda esikhulu sodonga lweseli ezitshalweni, ukuhlinzeka ukwesekwa okuhlelekile. Ukukhipha iselula emsulwa kusuka kukotoni kubandakanya ukuhlukanisa imicu ye-cellulose kwezinye izingxenye zesitshalo sikotini, njenge-lignin, i-hectin.

Ikotini isitshalo anatomy

Ukuqonda i-anatomy yesitshalo sikotini kubalulekile ukukhishwa kweselula. Imicu yekottotton yimishini yembewu, eyaqhakaza kusuka kumaseli we-epidermal we-cottonseed. Le micu iqukethe ikakhulukazi i-cellulose, enamaprotheni amancane, ama-waxes, noshukela. Imicu yekottotton ikhula kuma-boll, okuyi-capsule evikelayo ebeka izinhlanzi.

Inqubo Yokukhishwa Kwe-Cellulose

Ukuvuna: Inqubo iqala ngokuvuna ama-boll okotini avuthiwe avela ezitshalweni zekotini. Ukuvunwa kwemishini kuyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu, lapho imishini isusa khona ama-boll ezitshalweni.

I-ginnining: Ngemuva kokuvuna, ukotini abhekana nokuqaqanjelwa, lapho imbewu ihlukaniswe khona nemicu. Le nqubo ifaka ukudlulisela ukotini ngemishini ye-gin esusa imbewu kusuka kumicu.

Ukuhlanza: Uma usuhlukaniswe nembewu, imicu yekotini iyahlanza ukususa ukungcola okufana nokungcola, amaqabunga nezinye izinto zezitshalo. Lesi sinyathelo siqinisekisa ukuthi i-cellulose ekhishwe i-purnity ephezulu.

I-Carting: Ikhadi liyinqubo yokwenza imishini evumelana nemicu yekotini ibe yi-Web Encanyana. Isusa noma yikuphi ukungcola okusele futhi ivumelane nemicu ukulungiselela ukucubungula okwengeziwe.

Ukuqunjelwa: Imicu yekotoni iqukethe ukungcola kwemvelo okufana nama-waxes, ama-pectin, kanye nama-hemicelluloses, kubhekiswe kuyo ngokuthi "gum." Ukuqunjelwa kuhlanganisa ukwelapha imicu yekotini ngezixazululo ze-alkaline noma ama-enzyme ukususa lokhu kungcola.

I-Bleaching: I-Bleaching yisinyathelo sokuzikhethela kepha sivame ukuqashwa ukuze sithuthukise imicu ye-cellulose futhi sithuthukise ubumnene babo. Ama-ejenti ahlukahlukene wokufafaza anjenge-hydrogen peroxide noma ama-chlorine derivatives angasetshenziswa kule nqubo.

I-Horlerization: I-Hermerization ifaka ukwelapha imicu ye-cellulose ngesisombululo se-caustic alkali, ngokujwayelekile i-sodium hydroxide. Le nqubo inyusa amandla e-fibers, i-luster, kanye nobudlelwano bedayi, okwenza balungele izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza.

I-HID HYDROLLS: Kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi ngezinjongo zezimboni, i-acid hydrolysis ingaqashwa ukuze iqhume iselula ibe yizinhlayiya ezincane, ezifanayo. Le nqubo ifaka ukwelapha i-cellulose ene-caltete acid ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo ukujwayela ama-glycosidic bond ama-glycosidic bond, uthele amaketanga amafushane we-cellulose noma ama-cellulose nanocrystals.

Ukugeza nokomisa: Ukulandela ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali, imicu ye-cellulose igezwa ngokuphelele ukuze isuse noma yimaphi amakhemikhali asele noma ukungcola. Kamuva, imicu yomiswa kokuqukethwe komswakama oyifunayo.

Izicelo ze-cellulose emsulwa

I-cellulose emsulwa etholakala kukotini ithola izinhlelo zokusebenza kuyo yonke imboni ehlukahlukene:

Izindwangu: Izicucu zeCellulose zigcwele izindwangu futhi zifakwe ezindwangu zezingubo zokugqoka, izindwangu zasekhaya kanye nezicelo zezimboni.

Iphepha nephepha: I-Cellulose iyingxenye eyinhloko yephepha, iphepha, kanye nemikhiqizo yamakhadibhodi.

I-Biofuels: I-CelLleLose ingaguqulwa ibe yi-biofuels efana ne-ethanol ngezinqubo ezinjenge-enzymatic hydrolysis kanye nokuvutshelwa.

Izimboni zokudla nezemithi

I-COSMETICS: Kusetshenziswa izimonyo ezisetshenziswayo kwizimonyo kanye nemikhiqizo yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu ngezindawo zazo zokuqina nokuzinza.

Ukukhipha iselula emsulwa kusuka kukotoni kufaka uchungechunge lwezinqubo ezenziwa ngemishini kanye namakhemikhali okuhloswe ngazo ukuhlukanisa imicu ye-cellulose kwezinye izingxenye zesitshalo sikotini nokuzihlanza. Ukuqonda i-anatomy yesitshalo sikotini nokusebenzisa amasu afanele afana nokuqaqanjelwa, ukwehla, ukugcwala, kanye ne-mercerization kubalulekile ukuthola iselula ephezulu. I-cellulose emsulwa etholakala kukotini inezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene kuyo yonke imboni, ezisukela ezimbonisweni nasekuhlanganeni kwe-biofuels kanye nemithi yemithi, okwenza kube yimithombo yemvelo eguquguqukayo futhi ebalulekile.