Isifinyezo:
1. Ukumanzisa kanye ne-ejenti ehlakazayo
2. Defoamer
3. I-Shidener
4. Izengezo Ezakhelwe Ifilimu
I-5. Ukulwa nokulwa, anti-isikhutha kanye ne-anti-algae ejenti
6. Ezinye izengezo
1 umenzi we-ejenti kanye nokusabalalisa:
Izambatho ezisuselwa emanzini zisebenzisa amanzi njenge-solvent noma i-dispersion medium, futhi amanzi ane-dielectric ehlala njalo, ngakho-ke izimbangi ezisuselwa emanzini ziqiniswa ngokuningiliziwe ngokuxoshwa kwe-electrondatic lapho ungqimba olungaphezulu lukagesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ohlelweni olususelwa kumanzi olususelwa emanzini, kunama-polymers ajwayelekile kanye nama-surmactants angewona ama-ionic, ahlelwe ngaphandle kwe-filler filler, akha izithiyo ze-pigment, akha izithiyo ze-steric futhi alimaze ukuhlakazwa. Ngakho-ke, upende osuselwa emanzini kanye nama-emulsions afeze imiphumela ezinzile ngesenzo esihlanganyelwe sokulungiswa kwe-electrostatic kanye nesithiyo esikhulu. Okubi kwaso kungukumelana kwe-electrolyte okumpofu, ikakhulukazi ama-electrolyte anamanani aphezulu.
1.1 umenzeli we-wetting
Ama-ejenti we-wetting wezimbali zamanzi ahlukaniswe nge-anionic ne-nonion.
Inhlanganisela ye-ejenti yamanzi ne-ejenti yokuhlakazeka ingafinyelela imiphumela efanelekile. Inani le-ejenti enamanzi ngokuvamile limbalwa inkulungwane. Umphumela waso ongemuhle ugcwala futhi wehlisa ukumelana kwamanzi kwefilimu yokuhlanganisa.
Enye yezindlela zokuthuthuka ze-WETETTITITE ASTERS ukusetha kancane kancane i-Polyoxyethylene alkyl (Benzene noma i-Ape) ama-WETHTITITE Agents (ngoba kuholela ekwehlisweni kwama-hormone amagundane futhi aphazamise ne-endocrine. I-PolyoxYethylene alkyl (Benzi) Yezitha ze-Phenol zisetshenziswa kabanzi njengama-emulsifiers ngesikhathi se-emulsion polymerization.
Amawele ama-surfactants nawo athuthukile. Kungama-molecule amabili ama-amphiphilic axhumene ne-spacer. Isici esiphawuleka kakhulu sama-twin-cell surficactants ukuthi i-minelle enobungqabavu yokuhlushwa (i-CMC) ingaphezu kwe-oda lobukhulu obuphansi kunaleso "seseli" labo, elilandelwa ukusebenza kahle. NjengoTego Twin 4000, yi-Twin Cell Siloxane Surfactant, futhi inegwebu elingazinzile futhi lihlehlise izakhiwo.
Imikhiqizo yomoya ithuthukise ama-gemini sursuractants. Ama-surfactants wendabuko anomsila we-hydrophobic kanye nekhanda elisha le-hydrophilic, kepha le nhloko entsha inamaqembu amabili ama-hydrophilic namaqembu amabili noma amathathu e-hydrophobic, elaziwa ngokuthi i-acetylene glycols, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-acetylene glycols, imikhiqizo efana ne-evirogem ad01.
1.2 Dispersant
I-dispersants ye-latex Paint ihlukaniswe izigaba ezine: ama-phosphate dispersants, ama-polyacid homopholymer dispersants, ama-polycacid homormer dispersants kanye nabanye abahluphi.
Abahlakazekile be-phosphate abasetshenziswa kakhulu yi-polyphosphate, njenge-sodium hexamethaposphate, i-sodium hexamephosphate, i-sodium polyphosphate (i-calgon n, umkhiqizo we-BK Giulini Chemical Company eJalimane), i-KTTPP) neTetrapotassium (TKPP) neTetrapotassium (TKPP). Indlela yesenzo sayo ukuqinisa ukuxabana ngogesi nge-hydrogen bonding kanye ne-adsorption yamakhemikhali. Inzuzo yayo ukuthi umthamo uphansi, cishe ngo-0,1%, futhi unomphumela omuhle wokuhlakazeka emilinganisweni ye-inorganic kanye nabasizi. Kepha futhi kukhona ukusilela: leyo, kanye nokuphakanyiswa kwenani le-PH kanye nokushisa, i-polyphosphate kalula i-hydrolyzed, idala ukuqina kokugcina isikhathi eside; Ukuchithwa okungaphelele ku-Medium kuzothinta i-gloss of lightx ecwebezelayo.
I-phosphate ester dispersants iyizingxube zama-monoes, ama-diders, ama-alcohol asele kanye ne-phosphoric acid.
Abahlakazi be-phosphate ester benza izinzilo zokuhlakazwa kwezingulube, kufaka phakathi imibala esebenzayo njenge-zinc onide. Ekwakhiweni kwe-Gloss Paint, kuthuthukisa isicwebezelisi nokuhlanzeka. Ngokungafani nezinye izengezo ezimanzi nezisakazayo, ukungezwa kokuhlakazeka kwe-phosphate ester akuthinti i-ku kanye ne-ICI yokubonaka.
I-Polyacid Homopolymer Dispersant, enjengeTamol 1254 noTamol 850, iTamol 850 yi-Homopolymer ye-methacrylic acid. I-Polyacid Copolymer Dispersant, efana ne-Orotan 731A, okuyi-copolymer ye-diisobutylene ne-meanoc acid. Izici zalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zabantu abahlakazayo ukuthi bakhiqiza ama-adsorption aqinile noma ama-anchling ebusweni bama-pigments kanye nama-fillers, banamaketanga amade ama-solecular ukwakha ama-electrostatic aphostoli ukuze finyelela imiphumela ezinzile. Ukwenza abahlakazekile babe nokungafani okuhle, isisindo samangqamuzana kufanele silawulwe ngokuqinile. Uma isisindo se-molecular sincane kakhulu, ngeke kube nezithiyo ezinganele; Uma isisindo se-molecular sikhulu kakhulu, i-floccution izokwenzeka. Kwabahlakazeli be-polylacrylate, umphumela omuhle kakhulu wokuhlakazeka ungatholakala uma izinga le-polymerization lingu-12-18.
Ezinye izinhlobo zokuhlakazwa, ezifana ne-AMP-95, zinegama lamakhemikhali le-2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol. Iqembu le-Amino likhishwe ngaphezulu kwezinhlayiya ezingaphansi, kanti iqembu le-hydroxyl lifinyelela emanzini, elidlala indima yokuzinza nge-Steric Himber. Ngenxa yosayizi wayo omncane, izithiyo ezibucayi zilinganiselwe. I-AMP-95 ikakhulukazi ingumlawuli we-PH.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ucwaningo abahlakazekile luyenqabe inkinga yokugcwala okubangelwa isisindo esiphakeme samangqamuzana, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesisindo esiphakeme kungenye yezindlela. Isibonelo, isisindo esiphakeme se-molecular efstrant efka-4580 ekhiqizwa yi-emulsion polymerization yakhelwe ngokukhethekile izimbobo zezimboni ezisuselwa kumanzi, ezilungele ukuhlakazeka kwezimboni nokungaphakathi kwe-innorganic, futhi kunokwehlukana kwamanzi okuhle, futhi kunokuphikiswa okuhle kwamanzi.
Amaqembu e-Amino anobumbano obuhle kumabala amaningi ngokusebenzisa isisekelo se-acid-base noma isibopho se-hydrogen. I-block copolymer distrantint nge-aminoacrylic acid njengoba iqembu lezikebhe linakekele.
I-Disperant nge-Dimethyyalinoethyl Methacrylate njengeqembu le-ancchong
I-Tego Dispers engu-655 emanzi futhi i-Dispering Additive isetshenziswa kumapende wezimoto ezibangelwa amanzi hhayi kuphela ukuqondisa imibala kuphela kepha futhi ukuvikela i-aluminium powder ekuphenduleni ngamanzi.
Ngenxa yokukhathazeka kwemvelo, ama-bioderlowable emanzi kanye nama-ejensi asabalalisa athuthukisiwe, anjenge-envirogem ae cwenge cwering twin-cell cetting kanye nama-ejensi asabalalisa, anamagwebu aphansi aphansi, ama-ejenti aphansi anamagwebu aphansi.
2 Defoamer:
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-Paint Defenumers ezisuselwa ku-Wind zamanzi, ezihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu: Ama-Defoiners Amaminerali, ama-polysiloxane ama-desoamers namanye ama-desoumers.
Ama-defoamers wamamitha amaminerali asetshenziswa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kumapende we-latex afuywayo futhi asezingeni eliphansi.
Ama-polysiloxane ama-defoamers anokungezwani okuphansi komhlaba, amakhono aqinile okungcolisa kanye nama-antifoaming, futhi awathinti i-gloss, kepha uma kusetshenziswe ngokungafanele, azodala amandla anjenge-shrinkage yefilimu yokuhlanganisa nokubuyela emuva.
Ama-Defenuamers wendabuko asuselwa endabuko awahambelani nesigaba samanzi ukufeza inhloso yokungcolisa, ngakho-ke kulula ukukhiqiza amaphutha angaphezulu kwifilimu yokuhlanganisa.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kwasungulwa ama-decuamers ama-molecular.
Lo menti we-antifoaming yi-polymer eyakhiwe ngokuxhunyelelwa ngokuqondile izinto ezibonakalayo ezisebenzayo entweni ethwala. Uchungechunge lwama-molecular lwe-polymer luneqembu le-hydroxyl elimanzi, into esebenzayo esebenzayo isatshalaliswa ezungeze i-molecule, into esebenzayo akulula ukuyihlanganisa, kanye nokuhambisana nohlelo lokuhlanganisa kuhle. Ama-defeculaers anjengalawa ama-molecular afaka uwoyela wamaminerali - i-FoamStar A10 Series, i-Silicon-equkethe uchungechunge lwe-FoamStar A30, ne-non-alemers, uchungechunge lwama-foamstar mf.
Kuphinde kwabikwa ukuthi le defolecular-level defombar isebenzisa izinkanyezi ezihlanganisiwe zezinkanyezi njengezinto ezingekho emthethweni, futhi ithole imiphumela emihle kwizicelo ezisetshenziswayo ezisuselwa emanzini. Imikhiqizo yomoya i-molecular-grade defoamer ibike nge-stout et al. Ingabe i-ejenti yokulawulwa kwe-acetylene glycol esuselwa ku-acetylene glycol ne-desoamer enezinto zombili ezinamanzi, njenge-surfynol MD 20 noSurfynol DF 37.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo zokukhiqiza izigqoko ze-zero-Voc, kukhona nama-desoamers angenama-Voc-free, as Agitan 315, Agitan E 255, njll.
3 ubukhulu:
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zabakhulu, njengamanje ezisetshenziswayo zisetshenziswa kakhulu yi-cellulose ether kanye nezindawo zayo zokususa, izinhlanzi ezikhuphukayo ze-alkali-sukumable (hase) kanye nabakhulu be-polyurethane (i-heur).
3.1. I-Cellulose Ether kanye nokutholwa kwayo
IHydroxYethyl Cellulose (HEC) yakhiqizwa okokuqala yinkampani ye-Union Carbide ngo-1932, futhi inomlando weminyaka engaphezu kwengu-70. Njengamanje, abakhulu be-cellulose ether kanye nokutholwa kwalo ikakhulukazi kufaka phakathi i-hydroxyethyllls (HEC), i-methyl hydroxyethyl celtulose (i-ehec), i-methyl hydroxyyllose (i-eHHPC), i-methyl hydroxyproses basellulose (eHHPC), i-methyl hydroxyprosell base Base cellulose (MHPC), i-methyl cellulose (MC) kanye ne-Xanthan Gum, Njll, laba bangabakhudlwana abangewona ama-ionic, futhi bangabakhuthazi besigaba samanzi esingewona ahlobene. Phakathi kwazo, i-HEC isetshenziswa kakhulu ngopende we-latex.
I-Hydrophobically Moshified cellulose (HMHEC) yethula inani elincane lamaqembu ama-hydrophobic ama-hydrophobic we-hydrophilic we-cellulosi Umphumela wayo wokuqina uqhathaniswa nalokho kwe-cellulose ether cregeters enesisindo esikhulu se-molecular. Kuthuthukisa i-viscosity kanye nokufakwa kwe-ICI, futhi kunciphisa ukungezwani komhlaba, njengokungezwani kwe-HEC kucishe kube ngu-67mn / m, kanti ukungezwani kwe-HMBHEC kungu-55-65mn / m.
3.2 umkhulu we-alkali-sukumable
Abakhudlwana bakwa-ALkali-sukumable bahlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: abahlangene be-alkali-turen-tureneable abahlangene kanye nabahlanganisi be-alkali-turen Okungahambisani no-Ase-Ase-Ase-ASACHRRYLate alkali emulsion. I-Associative Hasi i-poldrophobically modified emulsion emulsion.
3.3. I-Polyurethane Emikhulune kanye ne-Hydrophobically Modified Non-Polyurethane Emikhulu
I-Polyurethane Emikhulu, okubhekiselwa kuyo njenge-heur, iyi-polymer eguqulwe ngeqembu eliguqulwe nge-polyurethane lamanzi, okungokwalowo ongeyena u-ionic Associative Swenener. I-Heur yakhiwa izingxenye ezintathu: iqembu le-hydrophobic, i-hydrophilic chain ne-polyurethane group. Iqembu le-hydrophobic lidlala indima yenhlangano futhi liyisici esinqumayo sokuqina, imvamisa, i-octadecyl, i-dodecylphenyl, i-nonyphenol, njll. I-chain molecular of heur yenwetshwa amaqembu we-polyurethane, njenge-IPDI, i-TDI ne-HMDI. Isici sesakhiwo sabakhudlwana abahlangene ukuthi banqanyulwa ngamaqembu e-hydrophobic. Kodwa-ke, izinga lokufaka esikhundleni samaqembu e-hydrophobic kuwo womabili ama-herurs athile atholakalayo atholakalayo aphansi kune-0.9, futhi okuhle kakhulu kungu-1.7 kuphela. Izimo zokuphendula kufanele zilawulwe ngokuqinile ukuthola i-polyurethane mkhulu ngokusatshalaliswa kwesisindo kwamanye ama-molecular nokusebenza okuzinzile. Ama-heurs amaningi ahlanganiswe nge-polymerization ezayo, ngakho-ke ama-herurs atholakalayo okuthengiswayo ngokuvamile ajwayele ukuxubeka kwezinsimbi ezibanzi zamangqamuzana.
URichey et al. wasebenzisa i-fluorescent tracere pyrere inhlangano yenhlangano (i-pat, inombolo yesisindo samangqamuzana esingu-30000, isisindo samangqamuzana esingu-60000) ukuthola lokho ekuhlolweni kwe-0.02% 825 noPat kwakungaba ngu-6. The I-Association Energy phakathi komkhulu wobukhulu futhi ingaphezulu kwezinhlayiya ze-latex cishe nge-25 KJ / Mol; Indawo eyayihlaselwa yi-pat reakener molecence ebusweni bezinhlayiya ze-latex cishe nge-13 NM2, imayelana nendawo esebenza nge-Triton X-405 ejenti ka-Triton X-NM2 ka-0.9 NM2. I-Polyurethane Polyurethane Emikhulu njenge-RM-2020npr, DSX 1550, njll.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwabalingani bemvelo abanobungane be-polyurethane bathole ukunakwa okusabalele. Isibonelo, i-Byk-425 iyi-polyurethane eguquliwe ye-areas Isidlo sase-Rhela
Ngaphezu kwe-Linear Associatianiative Polyureners echazwe ngenhla, kukhona nezinhlanzi ezifana ne-Polyurethane. I-Polyurethane Association ye-Polyurethane isho ukuthi kuneqembu elihambisanayo le-hydrophobic maphakathi ne-molecule ngayinye. Abakhulu abanjalo njenge-SCT-200 ne-SCT-275 njll.
I-Aminoplast eguqulwe kahle i-Aminoplast Creadener (i-hydrophobically iguqulwe i-ampinoxplast kakhudlwana-heat) ishintsha i-amino ekhethekile ye-amino inyumbazane ibe ngamaqembu amane avuke ama-hydrophobic, kepha ukuvumelanisa kwalezi zindawo ezine zokusabela kwehlukile. Ngokungezwa okujwayelekile kwamaqembu we-hydrophobic, kunamaqembu amabili avinjelwe ama-hydrophobic, ngakho-ke amaqembu okwenziwa we-hydrophobic aguqulwa ahlukile ku-heur, njenge-optiplo h 500. Uma kungezwa amaqembu amaningi we-hydrophobic, anjenge-8%, Izimo zokuphendula zingashintshwa ukuze zikhiqize ama-amino amikhulu ama-hydrophobic amaqembu amaningi. Vele, lokhu kungukukhuhla kwehla. Le Hydrophobic Modified Amino Shinener ingavimbela i-PintPosity yependa ukuthi ilahle ngenxa yokwengezwa kwenani elikhulu lama-surficactants kanye ne-glycol solvents lapho kufakwa umbala. Isizathu ukuthi amaqembu aqinile we-hydrophobic angavimbela ukufucuza, futhi amaqembu amaningi we-hydrophobic anobudlelwano obuqinile. Abakhulu abanjalo njenge-TVS ye-Opti.bo.
I-Hydrophobic Modified Polyner Eminar (HMPE) Ukusebenza kwe-Hydrophobically Swener Swener kuyafana ne-heur, futhi imikhiqizo ifaka i-aquaflow NLS200, NLS210 kanye ne-NHS300 yamaHercules.
Indlela yayo yokuqina ingumphumela wobudlelwano be-hydrogen kanye nenhlangano yamaqembu okugcina. Uma kuqhathaniswa nabakhudlwana abajwayelekile, inezinhlobo ezingcono zokuhlanza kanye nezakhiwo ze-anti-sag. Ngokwezinhlekelele ezahlukahlukene zamaqembu okugcina, ama-polyure aguquliwe angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu: ama-polyuru aphansi ama-polyurea, ama-polyure aphakathi polyuree kanye nama-polyure aphezulu we-polyurea. Ababili bokuqala basetshenziselwa ukuqina okususelwa ku-solvent okusekelwe ku-solvent, kuyilapho ama-polyure aphezulu e-polyure angasetshenziselwa ukugqoka okususelwa kumaphola asuselwa kumaphola asuselwa kuma-solvent kanye nezingubo ezisuselwa emanzini. Imikhiqizo yezentengiselwano ye-polarity ephansi, i-medium polarity kanye nama-polarity polyure amakhulu yi-byk-411, i-byk-410 no-byk-420 ngokulandelana.
I-Modified Polyamide Wax Slurry iyisingeniso se-rheological synthessive enikezela ngamaqembu ama-hydrophilic afana nesikhonkwane esiya kumaketanga amangqamuzana e-wax amide amide. Njengamanje, ezinye izinhlobo zingeniswa futhi zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukulungisa i-thixotropy yohlelo futhi athuthukise i-anti-Thixotropy. Ukusebenza kwe-anti-sag.
Isikhathi sePosi: Nov-22-2022