I-Cellulose iyinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo ezitholakala yonke indawo etholakala ngobuningi emvelweni, idlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kwezinto eziphilayo ezihlukahlukene kanye nemvelo.Izakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele kanye nokuguquguquka kuholele ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza kuzo zonke izimboni, okuyenza ibe ngenye yama-biopolymer abaluleke kakhulu.
1.Imithombo yeCellulose:
I-Cellulose ngokuyinhloko itholakala ezindongeni zamaseli ezitshalo, esebenza njengengxenye yesakhiwo ngendlela yama-microfibrils.Itholakala ezindongeni zamangqamuzana ezicubu zezitshalo ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukhuni, ukotini, i-hemp, i-flax, i-jute, nezinye eziningi.Le mithombo iyahluka kokuqukethwe kwe-cellulose kanye nokuhlelwa kwesakhiwo, okuthonya ukufaneleka kwayo kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene.
Izinkuni: Izinkuni zingenye yemithombo eningi kakhulu ye-cellulose, enezihlahla ezifana nophayini, i-oki, nespruce eziqukethe amanani abalulekile ale biopolymer.Isebenza njengengxenye eyinhloko yesakhiwo ezindongeni zamangqamuzana ezicubu ezinokhuni, enikeza amandla nokuqina esitshalweni.
Ukotini: Imicu kakotini yenziwe cishe yonke nge-cellulose, okuyenza ibe yimpahla ebalulekile yokukhiqiza izindwangu.Imicu emide, ene-fibrous ye-cellulose inomthelela emandleni, ekumunceni nasekuphefumuleni kwezindwangu zikakotini, zizenze zilungele izingubo nezindwangu zasendlini.
I-Hemp neFlakisi: Imicu ye-Hemp nefilakisi nayo iyimithombo ecebile ye-cellulose futhi ibisetshenziswa ngokomlando ukukhiqizwa kwendwangu.Le micu yemvelo inikeza ukuqina, izakhiwo zokuvimba umswakama, nokusimama kwemvelo, okuyenza idume kakhulu ezindwangu ezilungele imvelo.
Ezinye Izimpahla Zezitshalo: Ngaphandle kwale mithombo eshiwo ngenhla, i-cellulose ingakhishwa kwezinye izinto zezitshalo ezihlukahlukene njengoqalo, isaka likamoba, isitofu sommbila, nezinsalela zezolimo.Le mithombo ehlukile ifaka isandla ekukhiqizeni okusimeme kwemikhiqizo esekelwe ku-cellulose kuyilapho kunciphisa ukuncika ku-cellulose yomdabu etholakala ngokhuni.
2.Izakhiwo zeCellulose:
I-Cellulose ikhombisa izakhiwo ezimbalwa ezihlukile ezifaka isandla ekusetshenzisweni kwayo okubanzi:
I-Biodegradability: I-Cellulose iyakwazi ukubola, okusho ukuthi ingahlukaniswa ngama-microorganisms abe yizinhlanganisela ezilula ezifana ne-carbon dioxide namanzi.Le ndawo yenza izinto ezisekelwe ku-cellulose zivumelane nemvelo, ikakhulukazi ezisetshenziswa lapho ukulahlwa nokuphathwa kwemfucuza kuwukukhathazeka.
I-Hydrophilicity: I-Cellulose inokuhlobana okuphezulu kwama-molecule amanzi ngenxa yokuba khona kwamaqembu e-hydroxyl esakhiweni sawo samangqamuzana.Le mvelo ye-hydrophilic yenza izinto ezisekelwe ku-cellulose zikwazi ukumunca futhi zigcine amanzi, zizenze zifanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nokwenza iphepha, ukugqoka amanxeba, nemikhiqizo yenhlanzeko.
Amandla Emishini: Imicu yeCellulose inamandla amakhulu kakhulu emishini, ihlinzeka ukuqina nokuqina ezintweni ezenziwe ngazo.Lesi sakhiwo sibaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezidinga ubuqotho besakhiwo, njengezindwangu, izinhlanganisela, nemikhiqizo yephepha.
Ivuseleleka futhi Igcineke: Njenge-biopolymer yemvelo etholakala emithonjeni yezitshalo, i-cellulose iyavuseleleka futhi iqhubeke.Ukukhiqizwa kwayo akuncikile emithonjeni yamafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi ezinomkhawulo futhi kungaba nomthelela ekuthathweni kwekhabhoni uma ithathwe emahlathini aphethwe ngendlela efanele kanye nezinqubo zezolimo.
3.Ukusetshenziswa Okuhlukahlukene KweCellulose:
I-Cellulose ithola ukusetshenziswa okubanzi kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukahlukene, ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele nokuhlukahluka:
Iphepha nokupakishwa: Mhlawumbe ukusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose okwaziwayo kakhulu kusekukhiqizweni kwephepha namakhadibhodi.Imicu yeCellulose iyimpahla yokuqala eluhlaza esetshenziswa ekwenzeni iphepha, ihlinzeka ngohlaka lwesakhiwo kanye nezici zangaphezulu ezidingekayo ekubhaleni, ekunyatheliseni nasekupakisheni izinhlelo zokusebenza.Ukwengeza, izinto zokupakisha ezisekelwe ku-cellulose zinikeza ezinye izindlela ezivumelana ne-eco-friendly ekufakweni kwepulasitiki yendabuko, okunikela emizamweni yokusimama.
Izindwangu Nezingubo: Imicu ye-cellulose evela kukotini, i-hemp, iflakisi, neminye imithombo yezitshalo iphothwa ibe yizintambo futhi ilukwe noma ilukwe ibe izindwangu zokugqoka, izindwangu zasekhaya, kanye nokusebenza kwezimboni.I-cotton, ikakhulukazi, i-fiber esekelwe ku-cellulose esetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yendwangu ngenxa yokuthamba kwayo, ukuphefumula, nokuguquguquka.Ukusungulwa kwamasu okucubungula nakho kuye kwaholela ekwakhiweni kwemicu ye-cellulose efana ne-lyocell ne-modal, enikeza izakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe kanye nezinzuzo zemvelo.
Izimpahla Zezinto Eziphilayo: Izinto ezisekelwe ku-Cellulose zinezinhlelo zokusebenza emkhakheni we-biomedical, okuhlanganisa ukugqokwa kwamanxeba, ama-scaffolds wobunjiniyela bezicubu, amasistimu okulethwa kwezidakamizwa, nokufakelwa kwezokwelapha.I-biocompatibility kanye ne-biodegradability ye-cellulose iyenza ifanelekele lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza, lapho ukusebenzisana nezinhlelo zebhayoloji kubalulekile ekusebenzeni nokuphepha.
Izimboni Zokudla Nemithi: Okuphuma ku-cellulose okufana nama-cellulose ethers (isb, i-methylcellulose, i-carboxymethylcellulose) nama-cellulose esters (isb., i-cellulose acetate, i-cellulose nitrate) athola ukusetshenziswa njengama-thickeners, ama-stabilizers, ama-emulsifiers, nama-ejenti enza ifilimu ekudleni nasemikhiqizweni.Lezi zithako ezisekelwe ku-cellulose zithuthukisa ukuthungwa, ukuqina kweshalofu, kanye nokunambitheka kwemikhiqizo yokudla kuyilapho kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kokulethwa kwezidakamizwa kanye nokufana kwemithamo ekwakhekeni kwemithi.
Amandla Avuselelwayo kanye nama-Biofuels: I-biomass enothe nge-cellulose isebenza njengesitokwe sokukhiqiza amandla avuselelekayo nama-biofuels ngezinqubo ezifana nokufakwa kwegesi kwe-biomass, ukuvutshelwa, kanye ne-enzymatic hydrolysis.I-cellulose ethanol, etholakala ekonakalisweni kwe-cellulose, inikeza enye indlela esimeme kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi futhi inomthelela ekwehliseni ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa.
Izinto Ezihlanganisiwe: Imicu yeCellulose ifakwa ezintweni eziyinhlanganisela ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zemishini njengamandla, ukuqina, kanye nokumelana nomthelela.Lezi zinhlanganisela ezisekelwe ku-cellulose zithola izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingxenyeni zezimoto, izinto zokwakha, ifenisha, nezimpahla zemidlalo, ezinikeza ezinye izinto ezingasindi nezivumelana nemvelo ezintweni ezivamile.
I-Cellulose, njenge-biopolymer yemvelo echichima ezindongeni zamaseli ezitshalo, inezinto ezihlukile kanye nokusebenza okuhlukahlukene kuzo zonke izimboni.Kusukela ekwenzeni iphepha nezindwangu kuya ezintweni eziphilayo kanye namandla avuselelekayo, i-cellulose ifaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme kanye nokusungulwa kwezinto ezintsha emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.Ucwaningo oluqhubekayo kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ekucutshungulweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwe-cellulose kunesithembiso sokwandisa izinhlelo zayo kanye nokubhekana nezinselele zomhlaba wonke ezihlobene nokongiwa kwezinsiza kanye nokusimama kwemvelo.Njengoba umphakathi uqhubeka nokubeka eqhulwini ukusimama kanye nokuqaphela imvelo, izinto ezisekelwe ku-cellulose zikulungele ukudlala indima ephawulekayo ekubumbeni ikusasa eliluhlaza nelizinzile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-06-2024