I-Cellulose ethers yizinto ezihlukahlukene ezisetshenziswa ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene ezihlanganisa ezokwakha, ezemithi nokudla.Inqubo yokukhiqiza i-cellulose ether iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ihilela izinyathelo eziningi, futhi idinga ubuchwepheshe obuningi kanye nemishini ekhethekile.Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngokuningiliziwe ngenqubo yokukhiqiza ama-cellulose ethers.
Isinyathelo sokuqala senqubo yokukhiqiza i-cellulose ether ukulungiswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa.Izinto ezingavuthiwe ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-cellulose ethers ngokuvamile zivela ku-pulp yokhuni kanye nokotini okulahlwayo.I-pulp yezinkuni iyasikwa futhi ihlolwe ukuze kukhishwe noma iyiphi imfucumfucu enkulu, kuyilapho imfucumfucu kakotini icutshungulwa ibe yi-pulp enhle.I-pulp ibe isincishiswa ngosayizi ngokugaya ukuze kutholakale impushana ecolekile.I-pulp yokhuni oluyimpuphu kanye nokotini ongcolile bese kuhlanganiswa ndawonye ngezilinganiso ezithile kuye ngokuthi yiziphi izici ezifunwayo zomkhiqizo wokugcina.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo sibandakanya ukucutshungulwa kwamakhemikhali kwesitoko esixubile.I-pulp iqala ukuphathwa ngesisombululo se-alkaline (imvamisa i-sodium hydroxide) ukudiliza isakhiwo esine-fibrous se-cellulose.I-cellulose ewumphumela bese iphathwa nge-solvent efana ne-carbon disulfide ukukhiqiza i-cellulose xanthate.Lokhu kwelashwa kwenziwa emathangini ngokunikezwa okuqhubekayo kwe-pulp.Isixazululo se-cellulose xanthate sibe sesikhishwa ngedivayisi ye-extrusion ukuze sakhe imicu.
Ngemva kwalokho, i-cellulose xanthate filaments yayiphothwa ebhavini eline-dilute sulfuric acid.Lokhu kubangela ukuvuselelwa kwamaketanga e-cellulose xanthate, okwenza imicu ye-cellulose.Imicu ye-cellulose esanda kwakhiwa ibe isigezwa ngamanzi ukuze kukhishwe noma ikuphi ukungcola ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe mhlophe.Inqubo yokwenza i-bleaching isebenzisa i-hydrogen peroxide ukuze yenze imicu ye-cellulose ibe mhlophe, bese igezwa ngamanzi bese iyekwa ukuze yome.
Ngemva kokuba imicu ye-cellulose isomile, ingena inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-etherification.Inqubo ye-etherification ihilela ukwethulwa kwamaqembu e-ether, afana namaqembu e-methyl, ethyl noma e-hydroxyethyl, abe imicu ye-cellulose.Indlela yenziwa kusetshenziswa ukusabela kwe-etherification agent kanye ne-acid catalyst phambi kwe-solvent.Ukusabela ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwa ngokucophelela zokushisa nokucindezela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvunwa kwemikhiqizo ephezulu kanye nokuhlanzeka.
Ngalesi sikhathi, i-cellulose ether yayisesimweni sempushana emhlophe.Umkhiqizo oqediwe ube usungaphansi kochungechunge lokuhlolwa kokulawulwa kwekhwalithi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo uhlangabezana nezintandokazi ezifiselekayo kanye nemibandela, efana ne-viscosity, ukuhlanzeka komkhiqizo kanye nomswakama.Bese ipakishwa futhi ithunyelwe kumsebenzisi wokugcina.
Ukufingqa, inqubo yokukhiqiza i-cellulose ether ihlanganisa ukulungiswa kwempahla eluhlaza, ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali, ukuphotha, ukuxubha nokufaka i-etherification, okulandelwa ukuhlolwa kokulawula ikhwalithi.Yonke le nqubo idinga imishini ekhethekile nolwazi lokusabela kwamakhemikhali futhi lwenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwa ngokuqinile.Ukukhiqiza ama-cellulose ethers kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi edla isikhathi, kodwa kubalulekile ezimbonini eziningi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-21-2023