A. Isidingo sokugcinwa kwamanzi
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi odaka kubhekisela emandleni odaka ukugcina amanzi.Udaka olungagcini kahle amanzi lujwayele ukopha nokuhlukaniswa ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcinwa, okungukuthi, amanzi antanta phezulu, nesihlabathi nosimende usinki ngezansi.Kufanele ihlanganiswe kabusha ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
Zonke izinhlobo zezisekelo ezidinga udaka ukuze zakhiwe zinokumuncwa okuthile kwamanzi.Uma ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka kungalungile, udaka oluxubekile luzomuncwa ngokushesha nje lapho udaka oseluvele luhlangene luhlangana nebhulokhi noma isisekelo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kodaka.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, indawo engaphandle yodaka ihwamulisa amanzi emkhathini, okuholela ekubeni nomswakama onganele odakeni ngenxa yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, okuthinta ukugeleza okwengeziwe kukasimende, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kuthinta ukuthuthukiswa okuvamile kwamandla odaka. , okubangela amandla, ikakhulukazi ukuxhumana phakathi kodaka oluqinile kanye nesendlalelo sesisekelo.iba ngaphansi, okwenza udaka luqhekeke futhi liwe.Ngodaka olunokugcinwa kwamanzi okuhle, i-cement hydration yanele ngokwanele, amandla angathuthukiswa ngokujwayelekile, futhi angahlanganiswa kangcono nesendlalelo sesisekelo.
Udaka oluxutshwe ngomumo luvamise ukwakhiwa phakathi kwamabhulokhi amunca amanzi noma lusakazwe esisekelweni, lwakhiwe lonke kanye nesisekelo.Umthelela wokungagcinwa kahle kwamanzi kodaka kwikhwalithi yephrojekthi umi kanje:
1. Ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ngokweqile kwamanzi othulini, kuzothinta ukujiya okuvamile nokuqina kodaka, futhi kunciphise amandla okubopha phakathi kodaka nongaphezulu, okungagcini nje ngokuphazamisa emisebenzini yokwakha, kodwa futhi kunciphisa amandla okwakhiwa kwamatshe, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yephrojekthi.
2. Uma udaka lungaboshiwe kahle, amanzi athathwa kalula yizitini, okwenza udaka lome kakhulu futhi lube lukhulu, futhi isicelo asilingani.Lapho iphrojekthi isetshenziswa, ayithinti nje inqubekelaphambili, kodwa futhi yenza udonga luthambekele ekuqhekekeni ngenxa yokuncipha;
Ngakho-ke, ukwandisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi odaka akuzuzi nje kuphela ekwakhiweni, kodwa futhi kwandisa amandla.
B. Izindlela zendabuko zokugcina amanzi
Isixazululo sendabuko ukunisela isisekelo, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isisekelo siswakanyiswe ngokulinganayo.Umgomo ofanelekile we-hydration wodaka lukasimende esisekelweni uwukuthi: umkhiqizo we-cement hydration ungena esisekelweni kanye nenqubo yesisekelo esimunca amanzi, sakha "ukuxhumana okubalulekile" okuphumelelayo nesisekelo, ukuze kuzuzwe amandla esibopho adingekayo.
Ukunisela ngokuqondile phezu kwesisekelo kuzodala ukuhlakazeka okukhulu ekumunceni kwamanzi kwesisekelo ngenxa yokuhluka kwezinga lokushisa, isikhathi sokunisela, nokufana kokunisela.Isisekelo sinokumuncwa okuncane kwamanzi futhi sizoqhubeka nokumunca amanzi osimende.Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka kwe-cement hydration, amanzi adonswa, okuthinta ukungena kwe-cement hydration kanye nemikhiqizo ye-hydration ku-matrix;isisekelo sinokumuncwa okukhulu kwamanzi, futhi amanzi odaka agelezela esisekelweni.Ijubane eliphakathi lokufuduka lihamba kancane, futhi ngisho nongqimba olunothile ngamanzi luyakhiwa phakathi kodaka kanye ne-matrix, okuphinde kuthinte amandla esibopho.Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa indlela evamile yokunisela isisekelo ngeke nje kuhluleke ukuxazulula ngokuphumelelayo inkinga yokumuncwa kwamanzi amaningi kwesisekelo sodonga, kodwa kuzothinta amandla okubopha phakathi kodaka nesisekelo, okuholela ekubhobozeni nasekuqhekekeni.
C. Iqhaza lokugcinwa kwamanzi ngendlela efanele
Ukusebenza kokugcina amanzi okuphezulu kodaka kunezinzuzo eziningi:
1. Ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokugcina amanzi kwenza udaka luvuleke isikhathi eside, futhi lunobuhle bokwakhiwa kwendawo enkulu, impilo ende yesevisi ebhakedeni, kanye nokuxuba inqwaba kanye nokusetshenziswa kwenqwaba.
2. Ukusebenza kahle kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwenza usimende odakeni ugcwale amanzi ngokugcwele, okuthuthukisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza kwesibopho sodaka.
3. Udaka lusebenza kahle kakhulu ekugcineni amanzi, okwenza udaka lungabi lula ukuhlukaniswa nokopha, futhi luthuthukise ukusebenza nokwakhiwa kodaka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-27-2023