I-admixture eyodwa inemikhawulo ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwe-gypsum slurry.Uma ukusebenza kwe-gypsum mortar kuwukuthola imiphumela egculisayo futhi kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezihlukene zohlelo lokusebenza, izingxube zamakhemikhali, izixube, izigcwalisi, nezinto ezihlukahlukene kuyadingeka ukuze kuhlanganiswe futhi kuhlanganiswe ngendlela yesayensi nenengqondo.
01. Isilawuli sokuhlanganisa
Izilawuli ze-coagulation zihlukaniswe kakhulu ngama-retarder nama-accelerator.Ngodaka oluxutshwe ne-gypsum, ama-retarders asetshenziselwa imikhiqizo elungiselelwe nge-plaster of paris, futhi ama-accelerator ayadingeka emikhiqizweni elungiselelwe nge-anhydrous gypsum noma ngokuqondile usebenzisa i-dihydrate gypsum.
02. Retarder
Ukwengeza i-retarder kuzinto zokwakha ezixutshwe ne-gypsum kuvimbela inqubo yokufakwa kwe-hydration ye-hemihydrate gypsum futhi kwandisa isikhathi sokumisa.Kunezimo eziningi ze-hydration ye-plaster, okuhlanganisa ukwakheka kwesigaba se-plaster, izinga lokushisa le-plaster material lapho ulungiselela imikhiqizo, ukuqina kwezinhlayiyana, isikhathi sokusetha kanye nenani le-pH lemikhiqizo elungisiwe, njll. Isici ngasinye sinethonya elithile kumphumela wokuhlehlisa. , ngakho-ke kukhona umehluko omkhulu enanini le-retarder ezimeni ezahlukene.Njengamanje, i-retarder engcono ye-gypsum e-China i-retarder eguquliwe yamaprotheni (amaprotheni aphezulu), enezinzuzo zezindleko eziphansi, isikhathi eside sokukhubazeka, ukulahlekelwa amandla amancane, ukwakhiwa komkhiqizo omuhle, kanye nesikhathi eside sokuvula.Inani elisetshenziswa ekulungiseni ukhonkolo lwe-stucco plaster engaphansi ngokuvamile i-0.06% kuya ku-0.15%.
03. I-coagulant
Ukusheshisa isikhathi sonyaka we-slurry kanye nokwelula ijubane lokunyakazisa i-slurry kungenye yezindlela zokusheshisa ukuhlangana komzimba.Ama-coagulants amakhemikhali asetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zokwakha ze-anhydrite powder zihlanganisa i-potassium chloride, i-potassium silicate, i-sulfate nezinye izinto ze-asidi.Umthamo ngokuvamile u-0.2% kuya ku-0.4%.
04. I-ejenti yokugcina amanzi
Izinto zokwakha ze-Gypsum dry-mix azihlukaniseki kuma-agent agcina amanzi.Ukuthuthukisa izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-slurry yomkhiqizo we-gypsum ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi angaba khona ku-gypsum slurry isikhathi eside, ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle wokuqina kwe-hydration.Ukwenza ngcono ukwakhiwa kwezinto zokwakha ze-gypsum powder, ukunciphisa nokuvimbela ukuhlukaniswa nokopha kwe-gypsum slurry, ukuthuthukisa ukucwiliswa kwe-slurry, ukwandisa isikhathi sokuvula, nokuxazulula izinkinga zekhwalithi yobunjiniyela njengokuqhekeka nokubhoboza konke akuhlukaniseki kuma-ejenti okugcina amanzi.Ukuthi i-ejenti yokugcina amanzi ilungile kuncike kakhulu ekuhlakazeni kwayo, ukuncibilika ngokushesha, ukubumba, ukuzinza okushisayo kanye nempahla eshubile, phakathi kwayo inkomba ebaluleke kakhulu ukugcinwa kwamanzi.
Kunezinhlobo ezine zama-ejenti agcina amanzi:
①I-ejenti egcina amanzi e-Cellulozic
Njengamanje, esetshenziswa kakhulu emakethe i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ilandelwa yi-methyl cellulose ne-carboxymethyl cellulose.Ukusebenza okuphelele kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kungcono kunokwe-methylcellulose, futhi ukugcinwa kwamanzi kokubili kuphakeme kakhulu kunalokho kwe-carboxymethylcellulose, kodwa umphumela wokujiya kanye nomphumela wokubopha kubi kakhulu kune-carboxymethylcellulose.Ezintweni zokwakha ezixutshwe ne-gypsum, inani le-hydroxypropyl ne-methyl cellulose livamise ukuba ngu-0.1% kuya ku-0.3%, kanti inani le-carboxymethyl cellulose lingu-0.5% kuya ku-1.0%.Inombolo enkulu yezibonelo zohlelo lokusebenza ifakazela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okuhlanganisiwe kokubili kungcono.
② I-ejenti yokugcina amanzi isitashi
I-ejenti egcina amanzi isitashi isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi i-gypsum putty kanye ne-surface plaster plaster, futhi ingashintsha ingxenye noma yonke into egcina amanzi e-cellulose.Ukwengeza i-ejenti egcina amanzi esekelwe isitashi ezintweni zokwakha eziyimpuphu eyomile ye-gypsum kungathuthukisa ukusebenza, ukusebenza, kanye nokuvumelana kwe-slurry.Ama-ejenti okugcina amanzi asekelwe isitashi asetshenziswa kakhulu ahlanganisa isitashi se-tapioca, isitashi se-pregelatinized, isitashi se-carboxymethyl, nesitashi se-carboxypropyl.Inani le-ejenti egcina amanzi esekelwe isitashi ngokuvamile lingu-0.3% kuya ku-1%.Uma inani likhulu kakhulu, lizobangela isikhutha semikhiqizo ye-gypsum endaweni enomswakama, okuzothinta ngqo ikhwalithi yephrojekthi.
③ I-ejenti yokugcina amanzi yeglue
Ezinye izinto zokunamathisela ezisheshayo zingadlala indima engcono yokugcina amanzi.Isibonelo, i-polyvinyl alcohol powder engu-17-88, 24-88, i-Tianqing gum ne-guar gum isetshenziswa ezintweni zokwakha ezixutshwe ne-gypsum njenge-gypsum, gypsum putty, ne-gypsum insulation glue.Inganciphisa inani le-ejenti egcina amanzi ye-cellulose.Ikakhulukazi ku-gypsum ebopha ngokushesha, ingakwazi ukufaka esikhundleni ngokuphelele i-ejenti egcina amanzi ye-cellulose ether kwezinye izimo.
④ Izinto zokugcina amanzi ezingaphili
Ukusetshenziswa kokuhlanganisa ezinye izinto ezigcina amanzi ezintweni zokwakha ezixutshwe ne-gypsum kunganciphisa inani lezinye izinto ezigcina amanzi, kunciphise izindleko zomkhiqizo, futhi kudlale indima ethile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza nokwakhiwa kwe-gypsum slurry.Izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezigcina amanzi ezingaphili zihlanganisa i-bentonite, i-kaolin, umhlaba we-diatomaceous, i-zeolite powder, i-perlite powder, ubumba lwe-attapulgite, njll.
05.Okunamathelayo
Ukusetshenziswa kokunamathela ezintweni zokwakha ezixutshwe ne-gypsum kungokwesibili kuphela kuma-agent okugcina amanzi kanye nama-retarders.I-Gypsum self-leveling mortar, i-gypsum eboshiwe, i-caulking gypsum, kanye ne-thermal insulation gypsum glue konke akuhlukaniseki ezintweni ezinamathelayo.
▲ Impushana ye-latex ehlakazeka kabusha
Redispersible latex powder isetshenziswa kabanzi ku-gypsum self-leveling mortar, gypsum insulation compound, gypsum caulking putty, njll. Ikakhulukazi ku-gypsum self-leveling mortar, ingathuthukisa i-viscosity kanye ne-fluidity ye-slurry, futhi iphinde idlale indima enkulu ekunciphiseni. i-delamination, ukugwema ukopha, nokuthuthukisa ukumelana nokuqhekeka.Umthamo ngokuvamile u-1.2% kuya ku-2.5%.
▲ I-polyvinyl alcohol esheshayo
Njengamanje, i-polyvinyl alcohol esheshayo esetshenziswa ngenani elikhulu emakethe ingu-24-88 no-17-88.Ivamise ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni efana ne-gypsum ebophayo, i-gypsum putty, i-gypsum composite thermal insulation compound, kanye ne-plastering plaster.0.4% ukuya ku-1.2%.
I-Guar gum, i-Tianqing gum, i-carboxymethyl cellulose, i-starch ether, njll. zonke ziyizinamathiselo ezinemisebenzi ehlukene yokubopha ezintweni zokwakha ezixutshwe ne-gypsum ezomile.
06. Thickener
Ukuqina ikakhulukazi ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kanye nokuwohloka kwe-gypsum slurry, efana ne-adhesives kanye nama-ejenti okugcina amanzi, kodwa hhayi ngokuphelele.Eminye imikhiqizo ye-thickener iyasebenza ekujikeni, kodwa ayilungile ngokuya kwamandla ahlangene nokugcinwa kwamanzi.Lapho wenza izinto zokwakha ze-gypsum ezomile ze-powder, indima eyinhloko ye-admixtures kufanele icatshangelwe ngokugcwele ukuze kusetshenziswe ama-admixtures kangcono futhi ngokunengqondo.Imikhiqizo ye-thickener evame ukusetshenziswa ihlanganisa i-polyacrylamide, i-Tianqing gum, i-guar gum, i-carboxymethyl cellulose, njll.
07. I-ejenti yokungenisa umoya
I-ejenti yokungenisa umoya, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-ejenti ekhipha amagwebu, isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zokwakha ezixutshwe ne-gypsum ezifana ne-gypsum insulation compound kanye ne-plaster plaster.I-ejenti yokungenisa umoya (i-ejenti ekhihliza amagwebu) isiza ukuthuthukisa ukwakhiwa, ukumelana nokuqhekeka, ukumelana nesithwathwa, ukunciphisa ukopha nokuhlukanisa, futhi umthamo ngokuvamile u-0.01% kuya ku-0.02%.
08. Defoamer
I-Defoamer ivame ukusetshenziswa ku-gypsum self-leveling mortar kanye ne-gypsum caulking putty, engathuthukisa ukuminyana, amandla, ukumelana namanzi kanye nokuhlangana kwe-slurry, futhi umthamo ngokuvamile u-0.02% kuya ku-0.04%.
09. I-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi
I-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi ingathuthukisa ukugcwala kwe-gypsum slurry namandla omzimba oqinile we-gypsum, futhi imvamisa isetshenziswa odakeni oluzilinganisa le-gypsum kanye nokhonkolo lukakhonkolo.Njengamanje, izinciphisi zamanzi ezikhiqizwe ekhaya zibalwa ngokuya ngemiphumela yazo yoketshezi namandla: izinciphisi zamanzi ezine-polycarboxylate, izinciphisi zamanzi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ze-melamine, izinciphisi zamanzi ezisebenza kahle ezisekelwe etiyeni ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, nezinciphisi zamanzi ze-lignosulfonate.Uma usebenzisa ama-agent okunciphisa amanzi ezintweni zokwakha ze-gypsum dry-mix, ngaphezu kokucabangela ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi namandla, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe ngesikhathi sokusetha kanye nokulahlekelwa kwe-fluidity yezinto zokwakha ze-gypsum ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
10. I-ejenti yokuvimbela amanzi
Isici esikhulu semikhiqizo ye-gypsum ukungazweli kahle kwamanzi.Izindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu womoya zinezidingo eziphakeme zokumelana namanzi kodaka lwe-gypsum oluxutshwe okomile.Ngokuvamile, ukumelana kwamanzi kwe-gypsum eqinile kuyathuthukiswa ngokungeza ama-admixtures we-hydraulic.Endabeni yamanzi amanzi noma agcwele, ukungezwa kwangaphandle kwe-hydraulic admixtures kungenza i-coefficient ethambile yomzimba oqinile we-gypsum ifinyelele ngaphezu kwe-0.7, ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zamandla omkhiqizo.Izixube zamakhemikhali nazo zingasetshenziswa ukunciphisa ukuncibilika kwe-gypsum (okungukuthi, ukwandisa i-coefficient yokuthambisa), ukunciphisa ukufakwa kwe-gypsum emanzini (okungukuthi, ukunciphisa izinga lokumuncwa kwamanzi) nokunciphisa ukuguguleka komzimba oqinile we-gypsum (okungukuthi, , ukuhlukaniswa kwamanzi).Ama-ejenti avimbela amanzi e-Gypsum ahlanganisa i-ammonium borate, i-sodium methyl silicanate, i-silicone resin, i-emulsified paraffin wax, kanye ne-silicone emulsion evikela amanzi esebenza kangcono.
11. Isikhuthazi esisebenzayo
Ukwenza kusebenze ama-anhydrite emvelo namakhemikhali kunikeza ukunamathela namandla okukhiqizwa kwezinto zokwakha ze-gypsum dry-mix.I-activator ye-asidi ingasheshisa izinga le-hydration yokuqala ye-anhydrous gypsum, ifinyeze isikhathi sokusetha, futhi ithuthukise amandla okuqala omzimba oqinile we-gypsum.I-activator eyisisekelo inomphumela omncane emazingeni okuqala okufakwa kwamanzi e-anhydrous gypsum, kodwa ingathuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo amandla akamuva omzimba oqinile we-gypsum, futhi ingaba yingxenye ye-hydraulic gelling material emzimbeni oqinile we-gypsum, ithuthukise ngempumelelo ukumelana namanzi. i-gypsum iqinisa ubulili bomzimba.Umthelela wokusetshenziswa we-acid-base compound activator ungcono kunalowo we-acidic eyodwa noma i-activator eyisisekelo.Izikhuthazi ze-Acid zihlanganisa i-potassium alum, i-sodium sulfate, i-potassium sulfate, njll. Izivuseleli ze-alkali zihlanganisa i-quicklime, usimende, i-cement clinker, i-dolomite e-calcined, njll.
12. Thixotropic lubricant
Amafutha e-Thixotropic asetshenziselwa i-gypsum yokuzilinganisa noma i-gypsum yokunamathisela, enganciphisa ukumelana nokugeleza kwe-gypsum mortar, ukwandisa isikhathi esivulekile, ukuvimbela ukubekwa kanye nokuxazululwa kwe-slurry, ukuze i-slurry ikwazi ukuthola ukuthambisa okuhle nokusebenza kahle.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isakhiwo somzimba sifana, futhi amandla ayo angaphezulu ayanda.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-20-2023